实用英语语法课程方案.ppt

实用英语语法 ——刘佳; 一.非谓语动词. 二.从句. 三.比较结构. 四.虚拟语气. 五.并列平行结构. 六.强调，倒装和省略. ;第一章 非谓语动词;一.Doing分词做状语和定语; 句意：依据有关人际影响的基本事实，研究人员通过进行成千上万次的群体计算机模拟，研究社会影响的动力，控制了许多与影响他人能力以及被影响趋向相关的可变因素。; (2).We reach for them (habits) mindlessly, setting our brain on auto-pilot(机械状态) and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine.(考研英语2009) 句意：我们不费脑筋的获得习惯，把我们的大脑设定在机械状态，并且轻松进入熟知常规下无形中产生的舒适。;(3).Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.(考研阅读2008) 句意:对动物和植物的研究表明：性激素以某种方式影响对于压力的反映。与处于相同压力之下的男性相比，处于压力之下的女性会产生更多的能引起反映的刺激化学物质。; (4).Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since no baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks(资源) in the past.(2006考研英语) 句意：因此，一些鱼的个体不会被捕捉到，因为当时没有带诱饵的鱼钩来捕捉它们,造成了对鱼类资源的低估。;(6).When the United States entered just as a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it has a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled of scale.(2000考研英语) 句意：美国经济在二战以后进入了辉煌历史时期，他拥有比任何竞争对手大8倍的市场，这为各行各业提供了前所未有的规模。;(7) Feeling threatened, companies responded by writing ever-long warning labels, trying to anticipate every possible accident.(考研英语1999) 句意：感觉到受到威胁，公司写出无比冗长的警告标识作出反应，努力预见所有可能的事故。;(8)His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanical fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.(考研英语1998) 句意:他的同事麦克比尔说，太多的公司以机械的形式重组，降低成本，而未对长远的盈利给予充分的考虑。;(9)In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. (考研英语2003) 句意：近些年以来，铁路公司互相合并，成为超级大型集团，造成人们对垄断的日益关注。;2.Doing sth与句子写作;3.He ate too little and worked too much for weeks on end. He became ill. Eating too little and working too