精细高分子电致发光高分子答案.ppt

Chapter four Electroactive Polymers ; Outline;;本征导电高分子 Discovery of inherent conductive polymers 1990s 聚对苯乙炔的电致发光现象 Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV): first conjugated polymer exhibiting electroluminescence Late 1990s 发现发蓝光的材料，全显示成为可能 Development of blue emitting polymer materials Full color display became possible;载流子 激子 单线态与三线态 磷光和荧光 电致发光的量子效率 载流子注入效率 ;;基态与激发态;单线态与三线态;激发;磷光及荧光;荧光和磷光都是电子从激发态回到基态的电磁辐射（发光）现象。通常指寿命短的（10－7-10－8秒）为荧光，中断供能，立即停止发光，而寿命长的为磷光，中断供能仍能持续发光。 供能方式有：（1）光频发射（光致发光）；（2）阴极射线、X-射线及其它高能粒子的辐射；（3）电场引发的场致发光（材料？）;家用日光灯的玻璃管内涂有卤磷酸钙[Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl): Sb3+,Mn2+]萤光粉，在汞蒸汽机辉光放电产生的紫外线照射下放出较宽波长的可见光。（早期）彩色电视显象管使用的荧光粉是Zn1-xCdx:AgCl，当时发红色荧光。 ;;聚合物电致发光机理;从负极注入的电子与从正极注入的空穴复合成激子，激子从高能态回到低能态，发出荧光;;优点可以实现纯正的红绿蓝显色实现全谱带发光 Pure red, green, and blue emission Achieve a full color display 低压驱动，超薄超轻，制作简单响应速度快;结构Structure of PLED cell;阴极 / 阳极材料;电子传输材料Electron transport materials 电子流动性好High electron mobility Incorporation of electron deficient nitrogen atoms;八羟基喹啉的金属络合物;空穴注入材料Hole injection materials 空穴流动性好High hole mobility 电荷离域性强Facilitate charge delocalization;发光材料的结构 Chemical structure composition of light emitting polymers;主链发光材料;;Substitutions R1, R2, R3 , R4, R5, R6 Tune charge-transport characteristics Adjust the color of emitted light Enhance solubility 通过调节取代基调节电荷的传输性质 调节发光颜色范围 加强材料的溶解性;Adding electron-donating groups to the PPV chain red-shifts its light emission to orange Adding electron-accepting groups gives a blue shift 增加给电子基团发生红移 增加吸电子基团发生蓝移 ;Poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) derivatives;;Polythiophene (PTh) derivatives;Polyphenylene its derivatives;Main chain LEPs with light-emitting groups flexible spacers in the main chain;Side chain LEPs with light-emitting groups in the side chains Advantages A variety of possible pendant molecules Chemical stability Ease of processability;;如何调节发光性？;Related web sites /news/98/1003news/polymer.html /article/world/12/6/10 /exemplarchem/