医学英语皮肤系统Skin#重点.pptVIP

The skin and Skin Regenerative Medicine再生医学;Kayi;;skin;Keratinocyte fibroblast ;OBJECTIVE;INTRODUCTION;Dermis真皮;skin; EPIDERMIS;（一）Epidermal stratification and differentiation;PSORIASIS 银屑病;;Albinos lack an enzyme called tyrosinase络氨酸酶. Tyrosinase is required for melanocytes to produce melanin from the amino acid tyrosine ;No difference in melanocyte number between species. The distribution and tyrosinase activity !;Vitiligo;Melanoma(黑色素瘤):;The Hair Sebaceous Glands 皮脂腺 Sweat Glands The Nails ;Acne vulgaris寻常痤疮 普通粉刺 (or cystic acne) is a common disease, characterized by areas of skin with scaly鳞状的 red skin, blackheads黑头粉刺 and whiteheads, pinheads针头, pimples丘疹, nodules小瘤 and possibly scarring结疤. Acne affects mostly skin with the denset密集 population of sebaceous follicles皮脂腺; these areas include the face, the upper part of the chest, and the back. Severe acne is inflammatory炎症性的, but acne can also manifest显现 in noninflammatory forms.2 The lesions损伤 are caused by changes in pilosebaceous毛囊皮脂腺 units, skin structures consisting of a hair follicle and its associated sebaceous gland, changes that require androgen雄性激素 stimulation. Acne occurs most commonly during adolescence, and often continues into adulthood. In adolescence, acne is usually caused by an increase in testosterone睾丸素, which people of both genders性别 accrue during puberty青春期.;Alopecia Totalis (全頭脱毛症）;Hemidesmosomes (HD) are very small stud- or rivet-like structures on the inner basal surface of keratinocytes in the epidermis of skin. They are similar in form to desmosomes when visualized by electron microscopy. While desmosomes link two cells together, hemidesmosomes attach one cell to the extracellular matrix. ;Desmosomes细胞桥粒 are molecular complexes of cell adhesion黏着蛋白 proteins and linking proteins that attach the cell surface adhesion proteins to intracellular keratin 角蛋白cytoskeletal细胞支架细胞 filaments细丝. The cell adhesion proteins of the desmosome, desmoglein桥粒芯蛋白 and desmocollin桥粒胶蛋白, are members of th