第31讲 从属结构(一).ppt

第31讲 从属结构（一） Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 关于so that与so…that结构 Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 Because,for,since,as,now that等的用法 关于 so that 与 so…that 结构 关于 so that 与 so…that 结构 关于 so that 与 so…that 结构 * * a. Because 与 for The common：都可引导原因状语从句 1.表示“直接理由”，即对某一情况说明原因： We hurried because/for it was getting dark. 2.表示“间接理由”，即对说话人为何持此看法说明理由： It must be late, because/for the streets are quite deserted. (because-/for-分句并不是为“天已很晚”这一事实说明原因，而是为说 话人为何作此推断提供理由。) *连词 for与 because 的用法基本相同，接近于从属连词，只是 because 比 for 语势较强罢了。凡是 for 与 because 可以互换的场合，通常以用 because 为多，for-分句常用于正式语体中。 The differences 1.作为原因状语，because-分句位置比较灵活，既可位于主句之前，也 可位于其后： The doctor looks tired and sleepy because he sat up all night with the patient. Because he sat up all night with the patient, the doctor looks tired and sleepy. 在这里，如果用for-分句，其位置比较固定，只可位于主句之后： The doctor looks tired and sleepy，for he sat up all night with the patient. The differences 2.由 because 引导的原因状语分句可单独用来回答why-分句，而for-分 句不可以。 —— Why does the doctor look so tired and sleepy? —— Because he sat up all night with the patient. 3.作为原因状语，because-分句可在because之前带否定词或其他修饰语， 还可带某些并列连词，而for-分句不可以。 The doctor looks tired and sleepy simply because he sat up all night with the patient. The doctor looks tired and sleepy not because he is not feeling well, but because he sat up all night with the patient. The differences 4.作为原因状语，because-分句可作为分裂句中心成分，而for-分句不可 以。 It is because he sat up all night with the patient that the doctor looks tired and sleepy. *以上所言 because- 分句与 for- 分句用法上的区别仅就表示“直接理由”这 一用法而言。如果because-分句表示“间接理由”，那么 because- 分句和for- 分句