专业英语 Crystallization.docVIP

Crystallization 原文：Crystallization is a technique which chemists use to purify solid compounds. It is one of the fundamental procedures each chemist must master to become proficient in the laboratory. Crystallization is based on the principles of solubility: compounds solutes tend to be more soluble in hot liquids solvents than they are in cold liquids. If a saturated hot solution is allowed to cool, the solute is no longer soluble in the solvent and forms crystals of pure compound. Impurities are excluded from the growing crystals and the pure solid crystals can be separated from the dissolved impurities by filtration. 1 .Heat some solvent to boiling. Place the solid to be recrystallized in an Erlenmeyer flask. 2 .Pour a small amount of the hot solvent into the flask containing the solid. 3 .Swirl the flask to dissolve the solid. 4 .Place the flask on the steam bath to keep the solution warm. 5 .If the solid is still not dissolved, add a tiny amount more solvent and swirl again. 6 .When the solid is all in solution, set it on the bench top. Do not disturb it! 7 .After a while, crystals should appear in the flask. 8 .You can now place the flask in an ice bath to finish the crystallization process. 翻译：结晶是一种技术，化学家利用它净化固体化合物。这是一种基本程序，每个化学家在实验室必须熟练掌握。结晶是以溶解度原则为基础：化合物 溶质 更倾向于溶于热的液体 溶剂 比在冷的液体。如果允许饱和热溶液冷却，溶质不再溶于溶剂和形成纯化合物晶体。杂质从生长的晶体中被排除和纯固态晶体可从通过滤从溶解的杂质中被分离。 （1）加热溶剂至沸腾。把固体放入一个锥形瓶重结晶。 （2）向含有固体的锥形瓶中倒入少量的热溶剂。 （3）强烈振荡锥形瓶使固体溶解。 （4）将锥形瓶放在蒸气浴上，以保持溶液高温。 （5）如果仍有不溶解的固体，可以加入少量溶剂和强烈振荡。 （6）当所有固体都溶解了，把锥形瓶放在工作台上。不要动它！ （7）过一会儿后，晶体出现在锥形瓶中。 （8）你现在可以把锥形瓶放入冰浴中来完成结晶过程。