血液采集主要因素对血培养阳性率的影响及其原因分析(精选).docVIP

血液科医院感染危险因素分析及预防措施 陆月琴 寿黎红 朱平儿 【摘要】 目的 调查血液科住院患者医院感染发病情况，分析其危险因素，提出预防控制措施。方法 采用回顾性调查的方法，对2010年1月～2011年12月1749例我院血液科住院患者进行调查分析感染发生的情况。结果 血液科发生医院感染98例、109例次，感染率为5.6%、例次感染率为6.2%；感染患者以恶性血液病者为主，占85.8%；感染部位以呼吸道居首，为64.2%；病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主，占47.6%，其次是革兰阳性菌，占33.3%，真菌占19.1%；感染与中性粒细胞数降低有关，感染者中78.6%的患者中性粒细胞计数≤2.0×109/L。结论 血液病住院患者以恶性血液病为多，治疗以化疗为主，免疫力低下，医院感染率较高；针对相关因素，应尽可能减少侵入性操作、规范各项操作规程、落实基础护理、合理使用抗菌药物、改善住院环境、加强病房医院感染管理，以降低血液科医院感染的发生率。 【关键词】 血液科； 医院感染；危险因素； 预防措施 Department of Hematology of hospital infection risk factors and preventive measures Lu Yueqin*，Shou Li Hong，Zhu Pinger. *Department of Hematology Zhejiang Hucheng Central Hospital ，huzhou 313000，china 【Abstract 】Objective To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection in Department of Hematology in hospital, and analysis of its risk factors, put forward prevention and control measures. Methods a retrospective survey method , On the 2010 January ~ 2011 December 1749 cases of hospitalized patients in Department of Hematology in our hospital were investigated and analyzed the occurrence of infection. Results of 98 cases of nosocomial infections Department of Hematology, in 109 cases, the infection rate was 5.6%, the infection rate in 6.2% cases; Infection in patients with malignant hematologic disease to give priority to, occupy 85.8%; the site of infection in the respiratory tract to lead, 64.2%; Pathogenic gram negative bacteria, accounting for 47.6%, followed by the Gram-positive bacteria, fungi accounted for 33.3%, accounted for 19.1%; Infection and the number of neutrophils decreased, infection in 78.6% of patients with neutrophil count is less than 2 × 109/L. Conclusion blood disease in hospitalized patients with hematological malignancies is to much, treatment with chemotherapy, low immunity, hospital infection rate is higher; According to related factors, it should be possible to reduce invasive operation, standardize operation procedures, implementation of basic nursing, The rational use of antimicrobial