unit six.ppt.Convertor.docVIP

unit six Tannins of the first type which are found in tea generally yield glucose and gallic acid when they are hydrolized. 第一种类型的丹宁是在茶叶发现的，它们水解时一般产生葡萄糖和五倍子酸。 They represent structures in which some of hydroxyl groups in glucose have been esterified by digalloyl groups 它们的结构中葡萄糖分子上的羟基被鞣酰基酯化了。 If the first compound, caffine in this case,and its derivative both have melting points which match those reported in the chemical literature(e.g., a handbook),it is assumed that there is no coincidence and that the identity of the first coupound,caffeine,has been definitely established. 假如第一个化合物，在这个例子中即咖啡因，及它的衍生物都具有和文献（如工具书）报道的数据相符合的熔点，那么就可以认为这不可能种巧合，就可以完全确定第一个化合物是咖啡因。 separation 分离 isolation 分离 extration 萃取，提取 purification 纯化 grind,mill 粉碎 碾磨 mill 粉碎机 mortar 研钵 homogenize 匀浆 homogenizer 匀浆器 homo- 相同 Homogeneous 同类的；均一的 Heterogeneous 非同类的；不均一的 filtration filtrate residue 抽滤 超滤microporefiltration nano filtration reverse osmosis(RO) 过滤；滤液 Vacuum filtration 真空过滤； ultrafiltration 微滤 纳滤 反渗滤 membrane separation 膜分离 filter paper separatory funnel 分液漏斗 long-stem funnel 长颈漏斗 Busher funnel 布式漏斗 Hirsch funnel 赫氏漏斗 Centrifugation 离心 Centrifuge centrifugate Ultracentrifuge Density gradient centrifugation 超高速离心机 密度梯度离心 离心机 离心液 supernatant fluid supernate 上清液 distillation 蒸馏 distill distillate condenser-Allihn type 球型冷凝管 condenser-west tube 直型冷凝管 减压蒸馏；真空蒸馏 reduced pressure distillation; vacuum distillation 蒸馏物；馏分 蒸馏 v drying干燥 真空干燥 冷冻干燥 spray drying vacuum drying freeze drying 喷雾干燥