Nuclear Electricity for India.pptVIP

Why Nuclear Electricity for India? V S Arunachalam Center for Study of Science, Technology and Policy, Bangalore, INDIA Department of Engineering Public Policy Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh PA, USA Growth of India’s Power Sector The Status India’s Future Growth India needs sustained economic growth 8% to radically improve its HDI Growth in last few years ~ 5%-7% Growth hampered by infrastructure: electric power Peak shortfall Average shortfall High TD Losses: Unscheduled black-outs, especially in rural areas Supply to agriculture sector not metered and almost free Growth Areas Present growth is skills or resource driven(exports: software, gems and jewels, garment manufacture) Future Growth will have to be on value addition engineering Rural sector to play a major role(agricultural and dairy produce; minimizing wastage and improving efficiency) Infrastructure building (roads, buildings, railroads etc.,) ManufacturingThe elasticity has to be greater than 1 for powering future growth Elasticity and Electric Power Needs Target economic growth ~ 8% Elasticity of electricity with GDP stabilizing at ~ 1.2 Implications for future electric power requirements by 2015: Capacity addition Investments Fuel mix Pricing and Policies TD reforms Electric Power Requirements The Task Ahead Need to add 135 GW in ten years 13,500 MW required per annum ~ One power plant per month China adds one per week !! Maximum added till now is 4,600 MW (One in four months) Fuel Supply: Options for Future Coal Conventional Gasification Natural Gas Hydro Nuclear PHWR + FB + AHWR PLWR Wind On-shore Off-shore Biomass Solar Photo voltaic Concentrating Solar Power King Coal ! Reserves Proven 91 billion Tons Indicated 116 billion Tons Inferred 37 billion Tons TOTAL 245 billion Tons Coal reserves: 250 years at present levels of consumption Concentrated in Eastern India Indian Coal Quality High ash: 25%-45% Low sulfur 0.5% Low energy conten