The Global Aviation Industry Dynamics (GAID) model captures the systemic interactions.docVIP

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The Global Aviation Industry Dynamics (GAID) model captures the systemic interactions.doc

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The Global Aviation Industry Dynamics (GAID) model captures the systemic interactions

Cold Regions Science and Technology, Volume 62, Issue 1, June 2010, Pages 67-75Zhan-yuan Zhu, Xian-zhang Ling, Shi-jun Chen, Feng Zhang, Li-na Wang, Zi-yu Wang, Zu-yin Zou ?Close preview??|?? Related articles??|??Related reference work articles???? AbstractAbstract | Figures/TablesFigures/Tables | ReferencesReferences Abstract Based on dynamic triaxial test at low temperature of the frozen clay from the Beiluhe permafrost subgrade along the Qinghai–Tibet Railway (QTR), residual deformation laws and dynamic subsidence prediction model of permafrost subgrade under train traffic were studied. First, time history curves of residual strain of frozen soil are obtained and analyzed under different temperatures, frequency, confining pressure and moisture content. And conclusions can be drawn that the axial strain rate is greatly affected by the amplitude of dynamic stress, as well as increases with dynamic to static stress ratio and temperature rising, while it decreases with the raise of frequency and moisture content. Hereby, the power functions were adopted to fit the relationships of axial dynamic strain rate vs. stress ratio, temperature, frequency, and moisture content, respectively. Simultaneously, the permafrost dynamic subsidence mechanism was interpreted rationally and the variation of fitting parameters was discussed. Furthermore, the long-term traffic loading subsidence model was established through observing the axis residual strain time histories of frozen specimens under the longtime cyclic loading and adopting the amendment of vibratory number of times. The model can comprehensively consider the effects of stress state, temperature, moisture content, and confining pressure of frozen soil, as well as the vibratory frequency and vibration number of longtime cyclic loading. Consequently, the model can be applied to the train-induced subsidence forecast investigation of permafrost subgrade. The paper has an important significance for rational safety evaluatio