基于遗传算法的大体积混凝土热力学参数反演分析.docVIP

基于遗传算法的大体积混凝土热力学参数反演分析 　　摘要：为准确快速确定混凝土热力学参数中难以确定的绝热温升、导热系数、表面放热系数及反应速度，以云南普立大桥散索鞍支墩基础大体积混凝土施工实测温度为基础，采用遗传算法进行混凝土热力学参数的反演分析，并根据反演参数建立三维有限元模型预测后续混凝土施工中的温度场，然后通过混凝土内部实测温度及应力验证预测结果。最后依据预测结果，在混凝土浇筑早期采用表面降温，内部布设冷却水管的措施有效减小了内外温差并防止了裂缝产生。结果表明：混凝土内部温度达到峰值时表面拉应力最大值为1.5 MPa，出现表面裂缝的可能性较小；混凝土浇筑3 d后，抗裂指数都在1.5以上，一般不会产生裂缝；基于反演参数的温度场计算值与实测值吻合良好。 　　关键词：桥梁工程；大体积混凝土；温控防裂；热力学参数；反演分析；遗传算法 　　中图分类号：U445 文献标志码：A 　　Abstract： In order to accurately and efficiently determine concrete thermal parameters， such as adiabatic temperature rise， the thermal conductivity， the surface heat transfer coefficient and reaction speed， which were difficult to be obtained， the genetic algorithms was applied in inverse analysis of concrete thermal parameters according to the measured temperature during the mass concrete construction in Puli bridge saddles buttress foundation， Yunan province. Meanwhile， threedimensional finite element model was established to predict temperature field in followup concrete construction and verificated by the measured temperature and stress. Finally， according to the predicted results， surface cooling and cooling water pipes inside can effectively reduce the temperature difference between inside and outside， and prevent cracks in early stage after concrete pouring. The results show that the surface maximum tensile stress is 1.5 MPa when internal temperature of concrete reaches peak value， that means none possibility of cracks. After concrete pouring 3 d， crack index is greater than 1.5， that indicates few possibility of cracks. The predicted temperature field concides well with the measured value based on the inverse parameters. 　　Key words： bridge Engineering； mass concrete； temperature control and crack prevention； thermal parameter； inverse analysis； genetic algorithm 　　0 引 言 　　在桥梁工程施工中，大型承台、锚碇等都属于大体积混凝土。大体积混凝土在水泥水化升温的初期容易出现内高外低的温差，在内约束作用下形成表面裂缝；在超大体积混凝土降温阶段由于混凝土的收缩在外约束作用下容易导致贯穿裂缝，贯穿裂缝会严重影响结构的性能，破坏结构的整体性、耐久性等[1]。针对大体积混凝土温控防裂这一课题，各国学者做了大量的研究工作。 　　通过数值模拟可以有效地预先判断在施工过