焉耆盆地黑果枸杞自然分布特点及其生物特性研究.docVIP

焉耆盆地黑果枸杞自然分布特点及其生物特性研究 　　摘要 对新疆焉耆盆地黑果枸杞的自然分布及其生物特性进行了研究，结果表明：黑果枸杞是典型的根蘖类无性系植物，并兼具有性和无性两套繁殖系统，其自然分布涵盖了焉耆盆地平原荒漠和低地草甸2类8个亚类的草地类型，占盆地10个亚类草地类型的80%，并在农区广泛分布，为焉耆盆地的广布种；其根系由水平根和地下垂直茎以及季节性分生存在的不定根组成；其有性繁育系统为异交型，并具花的色泽变化和“两花两果”特性；其无性繁育由水平根以根蘖克隆的形式繁殖；其单体群落中看似独立的植株个体，却是由地下由水平根相连的一个有机“整体”，并具有相同的遗传基因；其植株具有夏眠及被掩埋后仍能存活并变性的特性。 　　关键词 黑果枸杞；分布特点；生物特性；焉耆盆地 　　中图分类号 S567.17 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2015）13-0091-03 　　Study on Natural Distribution and Biological Characteristics of Lycium ruthenicum in Yanqi Basin 　　HE Wen-ge NASONGCAOKETU WUQIER WU Chun-huan ZHAO Jie WANG Ying LI Yu-xia 　　（Bazhou Grassland Work Station in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region，Kuerle Xinjiang 841000） 　　Abstract Natural distribution and biological characteristics of Lycium ruthenicum in Xinjiang Yanqi Basin was studied.The results showed that Lycium ruthenicum was typical clonal plant which belonged to root sucker class，and had two sets of reproductive system，sexual and asexual.Its natural distribution covered 2 classes and 8 subclasses of the desert plains of Yanqi Basin and lowland meadow grassland types，accounting for 80% of the 10 subgenera grassland types in basin，and widely distributed in rural areas in Yanqi Basin.The root was composed of horizontal root and vertical underground stem and adventitious root which meristematic existed seasonal.The sexual breeding system were outcrossing，with flowers color change and two flowers of two fruit characteristics，the asexual breeding system reproduction by cloning root suckers with horizontal root.The monomer seemed independent individual plants in the community，but connected by underground horizontal root of an organic whole，and had the same genetic.Plant with properties that after aestivation and buried still could survive and degeneration. 　　Key words Lycium ruthenicum；distribution characteristics；biological characteristics；Yanqi Basin 　　黑果枸杞（Lycium ruthenicum）系茄科（Solanaceae）枸杞属（Lycium L.）多棘刺灌木植物，是兼具生态和经济价值的植物之一。其枝白色、坚硬，常呈“之”字弯曲；其叶肉质、无柄，常为条形、条状披针形或