新立村桃园施肥现状及养分状况评价.docVIP

新立村桃园施肥现状及养分状况评价.doc

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新立村桃园施肥现状及养分状况评价.doc

新立村桃园施肥现状及养分状况评价   摘 要:新立村桃树种植中重视有机肥的施用,但仍以化肥为主,有机肥中氮和钾相对含量低于平均水平,而且不同施肥水平下桃树产量均呈现不同程度的先增后减趋势。新立村桃园有机质含量明显低于果园土壤临界值,pH平均值在6.54~6.63之间,处于适宜桃树生长的偏酸性土壤环境,并且不同样本之间pH和有机质状况基本相同;土壤中碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙镁、有效铁和有效锌含量水平均呈现0~20 cm土层含量明显高于20~40 cm土层,并且0~40 cm土层内有效铁和交换性镁含量适中,碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和交换性钙含量超标。对桃园植株叶片中对应元素含量水平进行监测发现,氮、钾、锌和铁含量水平超标,镁和磷水平适宜,钙水平存在不足现象。因此,新立村桃园今后的施肥策略应该是适当增加有机肥的投入量,减少氮磷化肥的投入量,并且改良施肥方式和土层现状,减少土壤养分的流失和浪费,从而达到合理和优化施肥的目的。   关键词:桃园;营养;施肥;评价   中图分类号:S662.125.5+4 文献标识号:A 文章编号:1001-4942(2015)06-0061-06   Evaluation on Fertilization and Nutrition Status of   Peach Orchard in Xinli Village   Yan Kefa1, Peng Futian1*,Liu Jianping2,Wang Xiaoliang2,Dang Zhuqing1   ( 1.College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,   Taian 271018,China;2.China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)   Abstract Although the use of organic fertilizer was necessary in planting of peach in Xinli Village, chemical fertilizers were still dominated. The relative contents of nitrogen and potash in organic fertilizer were lower than the average level, and meanwhile, the peach production varied with the same trend of decreased after increased under different levels of fertilization. The content of organic matter was obviously lower than the critical value of orchard. The mean of pH value was between 6.54 and 6.63, which provided the acidic soil environment suitable for the growth of peach. The situations of pH value and organic matters were basically the same between different samples. The contents of N, P and K, exchangeable Ca, Fe and effective Zn in 0~20- cm soil were significantly higher than those of 20~40- cm soil, and the contents of Fe and exchangeable Mg were moderate, those of N, P, K and exchangeable Ca were excessive. The corresponding elements of peach leaves were monitored, then it was found that the levels of N, K, Fe and Zn were excessive, while those of Mg and P were moderate, and that of Ca was def

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