Chapter21physics.pptVIP

N·m2/C2 C2/N·m2 ?0 Permittivity Constant The SI unit of charge is the Coulomb C : One coulomb is the amount of charge that is transferred through the cross section of a wire in 1 second when there is a current of 1 ampere in the wire. 0 4 2 2 1 1 r q q F pe The Principle of Superposition: If we have n charged particles, they interact independently in pairs, and the force on any one of them, let us say particle 1, is given by the vector sum. F1 ∑F1i F12 + F13 + F14 + ······ + F1n Sell Theory If a charged particle is located inside a shell of uniform charge, there is no net electrostatic force on the particle from the shell. A shell of uniform charge attracts or repels a charged particle that is outside the shell as if all the shell’s charge were concentrated at its center. 0 r r Q q Q q Q q q q q q Q’ q Q Q’ a point charge q inside a uniformly charged sphere In the figure a , two identical, electrically isolated conducting spheres A and B are separated by a center-to-center distance a that is large compared to the spheres. Sphere A has a positive charge of +Q, and sphere B is electrically neutral. Initially there is no electrostatic force between the spheres. Assume that there is no induced charges because of their large separation . Sample a Suppose the spheres are connected for a moment by a conducting wire. The wire is thin enough so that any net charge on it is negligible. What is the electrostatic force between the spheres after the wire is removed? 0 4 2 2 1 1 r q q F pe q1 ? Q q2 ? Q r a 2 1 a Q2 F 16pe0 b Next, suppose sphere A is grounded momentarily and then the grounded connection is removed, what now is the electrostatic force between the spheres? Since A is grounded, a negative charge – Q/2 move from ground which is a huge conductor up onto the sphere until the sphere A with a charge of 0. The nucleus in an iron atom has a radius of about 4.0 x 10-15 m and contains 26 protons. a What is the magnitude of the repulsive