浙江大学2012植物学甲课件 第05次课2008ppt第01到35页.pptVIP

* (3) veins 叶脉 From main vein --- the secondary main vein ---- the third lateral vein --- minor vein --- vein ending to mesophyll cells 从主脉 --- 2级主脉 --- 3级侧脉 --- 细脉 --- 脉梢 --- 叶肉细胞 * Minor veins show all mesophyll cells are close to one vein or another. 细脉表明所有叶肉细 胞总是与某一个叶脉接近。 In a large lateral vein 大侧脉的纵切面 穿孔 * Structure of main vein 主脉的结构 主脉是叶柄的 延伸，结构近 叶柄。从上往 下为上表皮、 机械组织、木 质部、韧皮部 、薄壁细胞、 机械组织、下 表皮 Syringa 丁香 厚角细胞 微弱形成层 * Structure of the secondary main vein 次级主脉的结构 The structure is similar to major vein, but cells of each part decrease in correspondence and different plants have differentiation. 结构基本相似，但各部分结构相应减少，各种植物有分化。 * Section 4 Morphology, structure and development of leaves 第四节 叶的形态、结构及生长发育 Leaves, the lateral organs of a shoot, typically have a more-or-less flattened form, and a dorsiventral （背腹面）structure. The upper (or adaxial，近轴） and lower (abaxial，远轴) sides of the leaf with respect to the stem are easily distinguished. In most plants, leaves are dorsiventral in their internal structure. * 本节框架 叶的形态 叶的发生与生长 叶的结构 叶的生态类型 落叶与离层 叶的生理功能 * Morphology of leaves （一）叶的形态 Leaves of Dicots, 双子叶植物的叶 * 1) Complete leaf 完全叶 Complete leaf composed of petiole, blade and stipule. 完全叶由叶柄、叶片和托叶组成。 1. 双子叶植物的叶 * 2) Incomplete leaf 不完全叶 Lack of any one or two parts of petiole, blade and stipule. 缺乏叶柄、叶片和托叶中的任何一部分或二部分 No petiole and stipule No stipule * 3) Simple leaf and compound leaves 单叶与复叶 Simple leaf: one blade and one petiole; Compound leaf: over two blades (leaflet) and over two petiolules 单叶：一个叶片，一个叶柄； 复叶：2个以上叶片（小叶片）和2个以上小叶柄 * Simple leaf and compound leaves 单叶与复叶 板栗 Castanea mollissima 悬钩子 Rubus sp. * Compound leaves 复叶 pannately compound leaves 羽状复叶 palmately compound leaves 掌状复叶 * 复叶类型：掌状复叶；羽状复叶；三出复叶；单身复叶 * Leaf of Poaceae, Monocots. 单子叶禾本科植物的叶. Blade 叶片 Leaf sheath 叶鞘 Leaf ligulate 叶舌 Leaf auricle 叶耳 2. 单子叶植物的叶 *  ? 1) Reticulate venation --- Characteristic of dicots 网状脉--- 双子叶的特征 The minor vein