第七讲 直译与意译.pptVIP

Translation MethodsLiteral Free Translation “The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely.” —Peter Newmark The translators and scholars in the world are constantly exploiting them, some scholars think that all translators should stick to the two methods, some suppose there are utterly no methods in translation, and different people have different understanding of the methods. Literal Tr.: not to alter the original words and sentences; to strive to keep the sentiments and style of the original; it takes sentences as its basic unit and the whole text into consideration at the same time in the course of translating; it strives to reproduce both the ideological content and style of the entire literary work and retain as much as possible the features of speech and such main sentence structures or patterns as SV, SVO, SVC, SVA, SVOO, SVOC, SVOA. literal translation refers to the translation that a translator tires to keep the original form and meaning, including meaning, structure, style, figure of speech, etc. Features of literal translation SL-oriented Faithfulness to the original content and style Retaining original form as much as possible (including the main sentence structures/patterns, figures of speech, images, etc.) Ease and smoothness in expression Purposes of literal translation To convey the phenomenon in the SL To retain the “exotic flavor” in the SL Examples to shed crocodile tears 掉鳄鱼的眼泪 to be armed to teeth 武装到牙齿 chain reaction 连锁反应 Exercises One country, two systems 一国两制 gentlemen’s agreement 君子协定 纸老虎 paper tiger Some Situations Suitable for Literal Translation 1. Total equivalents (完全对等) When there are total equivalents in both the languages, we may use literal translation. E.g. 2. Though the expressions in two languages are different, we can find the equivalents