身体形态对短跑运动员成绩的影响-家校圈.docVIP

身体形态与身体成分对短跑成绩的影响 严伟健 云浮市云城区安塘中心小学 527300 摘要：目的：了解身体形态和身体成分对短跑成绩的影响，为在中小学生选拔出优秀短跑运动员，提供一定的实验依据。方法：采用韩国Inbody3.0人体成分分析仪对湛江师范学院体育专业十名女生和十名男生的身体成分进行测试,同时采用身高坐高计、体重称等测量其形态指标和100米跑成绩进行分析。结果：他们的身高、体重、上下肢长、比大小腿长与比踝围与其100米跑成绩呈正相关。此外，十名女生的瘦体重与其100米跑成绩呈负相关，十名男生的呈正相关；十名女生的体脂重与其100米跑成绩呈正相关，而十名男生的则呈负相关。结论：身体形态与身体成分对短跑成绩有不同程度的影响,且有性别差异。 关键词：身体形态；身体成分；短跑成绩 The effects of Body shape and body composition on sprint Score Yan weijian An Tang, Yunfu City, Central Primary School 527300 China Abstract: Aim: to understand the effects of body shape and body composition on sprint score, to better select some excellent sprinters among primary and high school students, and to provide some basis for the experiment. Method: adopt Korean Inbody3.0 body composition analyzer to test the body composition of 10 girls and 10 boys who are from sports education major, Zhan jiang Normal College. And adopt sitting height of height, weight and other measurements to measure corresponding indicators and their 100-meter run and analyze them. Results: the height of 10 girls and 10 boys、the weight、the length of leg and ankle 、the upper and lower limbs and their scores of 100-meter race were positively correlated. However, the lean body mass of 10 girls and their scores of 100-meter race were passively correlated while the lean body mass of 10 boys and their scores of 100-meter race were positively correlated. The body fat of 10 girls and their scores of 100-meter race were positively correlated, while the 10 boys and their scores of 100-meter race were passively correlated. Conclusion: body shape and body composition results of the sprint have varying degrees of impact and has gender difference. Key words: body shape; body composition; sprint score 短跑是以无氧代谢为主的极限性的强度运动，这是决定短跑竞技水平的速度能 力、反应时以及无氧耐力等因素，但是在很大程度上也是由遗传因素决定，短跑运动 员需要的是先天,后天是比较难培养与改变的，而训练仅使得这些具有短跑天赋能力 的运动员得到一个充分的发挥与发展。因此，田径短跑运动员的选材更重视的是先天因素。最重要的是科学选材，通过遗传学的选材把田径短跑运动天赋好、发展潜力大的优秀人才进行挑选，寻找更具短跑运动天赋的运动员，科学、系统的选材至关重要。选材成功意味着运动员能有更好的发展，取得更佳的成绩。此外,后天环境 居住、膳食、