2.1OhmsLaw.pptVIP

2.1 Ohm’s Law 欧姆定律 Ⅱ. Kirchhoff‘s Laws 基尔霍夫定律 Example 2.1 Calculate the current i in the circuit Ⅰ. Series Resistors and Voltage Division Ⅱ. Parallel Resistors and Current Division  并联电阻和分流 部分电路图和内容参考了： 电路基础（第3版），清华大学出版社 电路（第5版），高等教育出版社 特此感谢！ * 2.1 Ohms Law 2.3 Resistors Combinations 2.2 Kirchhoffs Laws Chapter 2 Basic Laws 基本定律 + - v i R Ohms law states that the voltage v across a resistor is directly proportional to the current i flowing through the resistor. （欧姆） resistor resistance 电阻（名称） 电阻值 Pay attention: A short circuit is a circuit element with resistance approaching zero. A short circuit (R = 0) R=0 i v=0 Network Short Circuit: 短路 An open circuit is a circuit element with resistance approaching infinity（无限大）. An open circuit (R=?) R=? i=0 v Network Open Circuit : 开路 v i 0 Slope=R v i 0 Slope=R The v~i characteristic （电压~电流特性）of: (a) a linear resistor, (b) a nonlinear resistor. NOTE : 1. The power is nonlinear function of either current or voltage. Conductance (G) （电导） The power can be expressed in terms of R. S(西门子） （姆欧） 2. A resistor always absorbs power （吸收功率）from the circuit. A resistor is a passive element. Ⅰ. Nodes, Branches and Loops 结点，支路和回路 Independent loops (独立的回路数) A branch represents a single element such as a voltage source or a resistor. A node is the point of connection between two or more branches. A loop is any closed path in a circuit. A mesh (网孔）is a loop that contains no other loops within it. Independent nodes (独立的结点数) : n-1 1 2 3 4 2.2 Kirchhoff‘s Laws 基尔霍夫定律 b=? n=? l=? b=5 n=3 l=b-n+1=3 Kirchhoff’s current law states that the algebraic sum of currents entering a node (or a closed boundary) is zero. Kirchhoff’s current law （KCL 基尔霍夫电流定律） The sum of the currents entering a node is equal to the sum of the currents leaving the node. or Kirchhoff’s voltage law states that the algebraic sum of voltages around a closed path (or loop) is zero.