HLTHINFO730HealthcareDecisionSupportSystemsLecture.pptVIP

HLTHINFO 730 – Lecture 13 Slide #* HLTHINFO 730Healthcare Decision Support Systems Lecture 13: Monitoring Lecturer: Prof Jim Warren Monitoring A few different domains Critical care monitoring – reporting back to humans who will respond quickly ‘Ubiquitous’ monitoring – getting data (probably over a long period of time) without being too obvious about it Participatory monitoring – patients get a sense of engagement by participating in the medical record ‘Coaching’ – the interaction is mostly about encouraging healthy behaviour Critical care systems Classic app is ECG monitoring See http://www.nda.ox.ac.uk/wfsa/html/u11/u1105_01.htm P - R interval QRS complex duration Q - T interval corrected for heart rate (QTc) QTc = QT/ RR interval 0.12 - 0.2 seconds (3-5 small squares of standard ECG paper) less than or equal to 0.1 seconds (2.5 small squares) less than or equal to 0.44 seconds Another view of the ECG Oneheart-beat Particularly want to look out for lengthening Q-T Amplitude, Frequency, Phase Amplitude is ‘displacement’ (a distance) in a physical vibration and then is usually transformed to an electric current and is measured in voltage AM / FM Can encode signals by changing (“modulating”) amplitude or frequency (or phase) of a carrier signal Basics of signal processing Sampling frequency Must take samples frequently enough The Nyquistrate istwice thefrequency ofthe highestfrequencycomponentof the signal If there’s something higher frequency, then you’ll get aliasing – an incorrect interpretation of the signal Sampling in ECG In ECG we have a lot of concern with interval lengths Equipment commonly samples at 100Hz (mobile devices) to 1000Hz (high resolution) At 100Hz, due to the Nyquist rate, you miss any high-frequency features with a period of less than 0.02s (i.e., 20ms) (Period = 1 / frequency) Moreover, at 100Hz, you can be up to 10ms late in seeing a rise or fall, and thus up to 20ms inaccurate in estimate of an interval Sampling requireme