7.支气管哮喘(双语)课件.pptVIP

Asthma What Is Asthma? Asthma is a disease that characterized by: Airway obstruction that is reversible either spontaneously or with treatment chronic airway inflammation Increased airway responsiveness to a variety of stimuli Inflammation causes recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and coughing, particularly at night or early morning Epidemiology 17-20 million Americans (6-10% prevalence) 1% estimated prevalence in mainland of China 10 million medical visits 2 million emergency visits 0.5 million hospitalization 5000 deaths annually Major cause of school and work absence At least 12 billion per year Increasing burden for years Impact Of Asthma On Patients Psychosocial: Poor self-esteem Anxiety about asthma Fear of becoming ill at out-door Anxiety about exercise Fear of being different Did You Know.. Asthma kills people equally regardless of severity level 1/3 of deaths are in those with mild asthma 1/3 of deaths are in those with moderate asthma 1/3 of deaths are in those with severe asthma What Causes Asthma? Asthma may be caused by genetic, immune and/or environmental factors, and is often associated with eczema and allergies We do not understand all of the causes of asthma or its increasing prevalence It boils down to “We just don’t really know for sure” What Causes Asthma Of the 17 million asthma sufferers in the US, 10 Million (approx. 60%) have allergic asthma. 3 million of those are children Exposure to certain allergens trigger asthma symptoms to begin Exposure to certain irritants can also set an asthma episode in motion Triggers and Irritants Common Allergens (Triggers) Seasonal Pollens Animal dander saliva/urine Dust Mites Cockroaches/Mice/Rat droppings and urine Mold Some medications Some Foods Common Irritants (Triggers) Exercise Cold Air Chalk Dust Viral/upper respiratory infections Air pollution Tobacco smoke or secondhand smoke Chemical irritants and str