Book8 uit1 名词性从句.docVIP

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Book8 uit1 名词性从句

Book8 unit1 名词性从句 Ⅰ.基本概念: 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses)。 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 高考重点要求: 掌握主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句的基本句型结构 弄清名词性从句的连词的用法和意义 根据句子语义确定使用何种从属连词 一、引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为两类: 1. 名词性that从句,即以that为连接词的名词性从句。that只能起连接主句和从句的作用,不充当从句的任何成分,无词义。 2. 名词性wh-从句,即以wh-词连接的名词性从句。Wh-词包括: 连接代词:who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词:when, where, how, why 连接词whether, if不充当句子的任何成分。 二、主语从句 1. 用作主语的从句叫主语从句。that从句作主语,that不能省略。 ▲That he likes such kind of books is very interesting.他喜欢这种书是非常有趣的。 ▲Whether he will be able to come remains a question. 他是否能够来仍然是一个问题。 ▲What he is looking for is none of your business. 他在找什么与你无关。 2. 很多主语从句都可以用that作形式主语。例如: It is very interesting that he likes such kind of books. W.w. It remains a question whether he will be able to come. 3. It作形式主语主要包括以下几种类型和搭配关系: 1)It + be + adj. + 从句 It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 2)It + be + n. + 从句 It is a pity that he missed the lecture. 3)It + be + 过去分词 + 从句 It is said that they have won the game. 4)It + be + vi. + 从句 It seems that something is wrong with the computer. 三、表语从句 表语从句在句中作表语,它位于主句的联系动词之后。that从句作表语,that不能省略。表语从句只用whether,不用if。 ▲The problem is that smokers cannot go without smoking. 问题是抽烟的人不抽烟就会感到难受。 ▲The question is whether it is worth doing. 问题是这是否值得做。 ▲This is where he has worked for years. 这就是他多年工作的地方。 四、宾语从句 宾语从句在句中作宾语,引导宾语从句的that可以省略。whether和if可互换,但介词宾语或有or not时,用whether. ▲They know that the habit may kill them. 他们知道这个习惯能使他们致死。 ▲They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student. 他们怀疑Jack是否是一个好学生。 ▲They wanted to see which shops offered the best advice and service. 他们想了解哪家店提出的建议和提供的服务最好。 五、同位语从句 同位语从句中先行词不充当从句成分,从句是用来解释先行词的内容。That从句作同位语,that不能省略。 ▲Word came that our football team had won the match. 消息传来,我们的足球队赢了比赛。 ▲May I ask a question when the meeting will be held? 我能否问个问题,会议什么时候举行?1.从属连词that只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语 2. 主句和从句要保持时态上的一致性,从句还要

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