非谓语动词课堂义二.doc

非谓语动词课堂讲义（二） to do动词不定式??doing 动名词??doing 现在分词??done? 过去 第一节 动词不定式to do （一）不定式的句法功能 1 主语 To learn English is very important. It is very important tolearn English. It took me 100 Yuan?to buy the clothes It takes sb time /money/energy to do sth （动词不定式的逻辑主语） It is very important for us to learn English. It is considerate /thoughtful of you to give me help. You are considerate to give me help. It is very important for students to observe/obey/abide by the rule. 2 宾语 (1)主+谓+宾 I hope to meet you next week. He pretended to read books. (2)主+谓+宾+宾补 I think it easy to learn English. 3 表语 His dream is to go to college. He is to blame for the caraccident. 4 充当定语 He is the first one to come. I like the lab to be built. There is no seat to sit on. 5宾语补足语/主语补足语 （1）普通动词后面所带的宾语补足语 He warned me not/never to be fired. inspire sb to do sth encourage sb to do sth urge sb to do sth appeal sb to do sth allow sb to do sth （2）感官动词和使役动词后面所带的补足语find see hear watch make have She was heard to singa song next door. make have I made him hand in his assignment. He was made to hand in his assignment 6状语 （1）目的状语 To/In order to earn a living, thousands of people went to south. （2）结果状语 He hurried to the railway station only to find that the train had gone. He hurried to the station, only to find that the train had gone. （3）原因状语 He was delighted to find that he passed the exam. 注： 一. 主动形式----被动意义 1 . 充当定语 He had a lot of work to do. 2. 充当表语 He is to blame for the car accident. 3. 充当宾语 The chair looks hard, but the chair is comfortable to sit on. 4.复合谓语 The lecture is hard to understand. I think the lecture hard to understand. 二.不定式的否定式(放在不定式的前面) 1.充当宾语 ?He pretended not to see me. 2 充当表语 ?His goal is to go to college, not to work. 3.补足语 He warned us not/ never to befired. 4.状语 He worked hard in order not to learnsomething. 三. 疑问词 + to do （it） ?what to do???? how to do it ?why to do it??? when to do it ?where to do it? which one to choose 1.充当主语 How to solve t