5cyj5.1plasmamembrane概览.pptVIP

Liposome脂质体 A. Study on nature性质研究 B. Gene transfer 基因导入 C. Carrier载体 Type Application B. Membrane Proteins Integral proteins Peripheral proteins Lipid-anchored proteins 脂锚定蛋白 Integral proteins整合蛋白 Peripheral proteins外周蛋白 2.2 Membrane proteins ◆生物膜的特定功能主要是由蛋白质完成的； ◆膜蛋白约占膜的40%～50%, 有50余种膜蛋白； ◆在不同细胞中膜蛋白的种类及含量有很大差异。有的含量不到25%，有的达到75%； ◆一般来说,功能越复杂的膜，其上的蛋白质含量越多，种类越多。 ◆整合蛋白 Integral Proteins ■部分或全部镶嵌在细胞膜中或内外两侧的蛋白质； ■ In fact, all integral proteins are probably transmembrane proteins; that is, they pass entirely through the lipid bilayer and thus have domains that protrude from both the extracellular and cytoplasmic sides of the membrane ； ■根据跨膜次数将跨膜蛋白分为单次跨膜、多次跨膜、多亚单位跨膜等；跨膜蛋白的跨膜区为一般为α螺旋, 也有的是β折叠，如孔蛋白； ■整合蛋白约占膜蛋白的70-80%。 The types of membrane proteins Integral Proteins ■Proteins are located entirely outside of the lipid bilayer, on the cytoplasmic or extracellular side, yet are associated with the surface of the membrane by noncovalent bonds. ■外周蛋白为水溶性； ■占膜蛋白总量的20%～30%，在红细胞中占50%，如红细胞的血影蛋白和锚定蛋白都是外周蛋白。 ◆外周蛋白 peripheral proteins Peripheral Proteins ■Proteins that are located outside the lipid bilayer, on either the extracellular or cytoplasmic surface, but are covalently linked to a lipid molecule that is situated within the bilayer; ■又称脂连接蛋白 lipid-linked proteins ，同脂的结合有两种方式： ●一种方式是通过一个糖分子间接同脂双层中的脂结合； ●一种是蛋白质直接与脂双层中的脂结合。 ◆脂锚定蛋白 Lipid-anchored proteins Lipid-anchored proteins Lipid-anchored proteins Functions of membrane proteins C. Membrane Carbohydrates ? J.D.Robertson 1959 : The TEM showing: trilaminar appearance of PM Unit membrane model * Plasma Membranes: Their Structure, Chemistry and Functions Unit 5 Outline History of studies on membrane structure Chemical composition of membranes Through the membranes 生物膜 Biomembrane ■ 细胞质膜 Plasma Membrane ■ 细胞内膜 Endomembrane 细胞的生物膜体系 Outline History of studies on membrane structure Chemical composition of membranes Through the membranes 1890s Eight milestones Milestone 1 1890s Overton Lipid nature of memb