ChapterIVWord-Formation(II)解析.ppt

Chapter IV Word-Formation II: The Minor Processes Wang Chengshan Hebei Normal University for Nationalities September 24, 2013 Teaching aims To know the minor processes of word-formation: Acronymy, Clipping, Blending, Backformation, Analogy Main Contents 4.1 Acronymy (首字母拼音法) 4.2 Clipping (缩略法) 4.3 Blending 4.4 Backformation 4.5 New Words from Proper Names 4.6 Reduplication 4.7 Neoclassical Formation 4.8 Analogy 4.9 Onomatopoeia (拟声法) Conclusion 4.1 Acronymy (首字母拼音法) Acronymy is the process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of composite names of social and political organizations or phrases used as technical terms. Words thus formed are acronyms, which can be subdivided into initialisms (首字母缩略词) and acronyms (首字母拼音词) depending on the pronunciation of the words. Initialisms OL (office lady) HFMD (hand-foot-mouth disease) IMF (international monetary fund) MC (master of ceremony) GMT (Greenwich Mean Time) GMO (genetically modified organism) MOU (memorandum of understanding) GM (general manager / General Motors / genetically modified) Initialisms OEM (Original Equipment Manufacture) B/W/H (bust / waist / hips) J.F.K. (John Fitzgerald Kennedy) F. D. R. (Franklin D. Roosevelt) EU (European Union) UN (United Nations) ISBN (International Standard Book Number) TB (tuberculosis) ABS ( Anti-lock brake system) Initialisms i.d. (idem) 同上 i.e. (id est) 即 et al ( et alli) 以及其他 vs. (versus) …对… cf (confer) 参看 c / o (care of ) 烦…转交 p.s. (postscript) 附言 Initialisms Acronyms DINK (double income, no kid) NILK (no income, lots of kids) DIDK (double income, dog as kid) NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) ASEAN (Association for South-East Asian Nations) OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Co-operation) SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) WASP (white Anglo-Saxon Protestant) Acronyms AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) ROM (read only memory) IELTS (International English language testing system) TOEF