第二次课讲义-译汉策略.docVIP

第一部分 英语和汉语两种语言的对比——得出主要的互译策略 课上提及的5组 静态VS动态 被动VS主动 人称VS物称 形合VS意合 抽象VS具体 课后自学的5组 分析语VS综合语 聚集VS流散 繁复VS简短 间接VS直接 替换VS重复 英译汉策略——通过汉英对比可以得出 词性转换：名词转为动词，介词转为动词，etc. 句子拆分：把长句切成短句。 被动改为主动：使用泛称，有时也可省略主语。 具体化：把抽象的名词通过解释等方式，翻译出来。 把物称改为人称。 汉译英策略——通过汉英对比亦可以得出 词性转换：适当名词化 短句和短句之间通过逻辑关系词连接起来，变得语义连贯 主动句也可以改成被动句——根据语境的需要 人称可以改成物称——根据上写文的需要；可以让英文变得更加vivid, impressive 汉语中如果有许多动词并列，译成英语时，需要处理主次关系 具体的描写也可以考虑处理成抽象的词 第二部分 英译汉主要策略 1加注 音译加注：音译后附加解释性注释 直译加注：直译后附加解释性注释 2释义 3增词 4 减词 5转换 leading cadres to everyday things busy as an excuse, urged not do or knock on the ring look, lack of work enthusiasm and forward-looking. The difficulties and problems of individual cadres indifferent masses as the buck passing, long, make some simple complex problems. Some cadres general talk about pay, do not take leading cadres to everyday things busy as an excuse, urged not do or knock on the ring look, lack of work enthusiasm and forward-looking. The difficulties and problems of individual cadres indifferent masses as the buck passing, long, make some simple complex problems. Some cadres general talk about pay, do not take leading cadres to everyday things busy as an excuse, urged not do or knock on the ring look, lack of work enthusiasm and forward-looking. The difficulties and problems of individual cadres indifferent masses as the buck passing, long, make some simple complex problems. Some cadres general talk about pay, do not take