Seeing 3D from 2D Images.pptVIP

Seeing 3D from 2D Images William and Craig 115 - 164 How to make a 2D image appear as 3D! Output is typically 2D Images Yet we want to show a 3D world! How can we do this? We can include ‘cues’ in the image that give our brain 3D information about the scene These cues are visual depth cues Visual Depth Cues Monoscopic Depth Cues (single 2D image) Stereoscopic Depth Cues (two 2D images) Motion Depth Cues (series of 2D images) Physiological Depth Cues (body cues) Monoscopic Depth Cues Interposition An object that occludes another is closer Shading Shape info. Shadows are included here Size Usually, the larger object is closer Linear Perspective parallel lines converge at a single point Surface Texture Gradient more detail for closer objects Height in the visual field Higher the object is (vertically), the further it is Atmospheric effects further away objects are blurrier Brightness further away objects are dimmer Stereoscopic Display Issues Stereopsis Stereoscopic Display Technology Computing Stereoscopic Images Stereoscopic Display and HTDs. Works for objects 5m. Why? Stereopsis Retinal Disparity If both eyes are fixated on a point, f1, in space, then an image of f1 if focused at corresponding points in the center of the fovea of each eye. Another point, f2, at a different spatial location would be imaged at points in each eye that may not be the same distance from the fovea. This difference in distance is the retinal disparity. Disparity If an object is closer than the fixation point, the retinal disparity will be a negative value. This is known as crossed disparity because the two eyes must cross to fixate the closer object. If an object is farther than the fixation point, the retinal disparity will be a positive value. This is known as uncrossed disparity because the two eyes must uncross to fixate the farther object. An object located at the fixation point or whose image falls on corresponding points in the two retinae has a zero disparity. Convergence A