06 减词法(翻译).pptVIP

By Samuel Gui-hua Wang 减词法/省略 王贵华 一、基本概念 省略法是指在翻译是舍去原文中需要而译文中不需要的成分。“省略或减词基本上是改善汉语行文的手段。英文中有些词在译文中不一定个个都要写出来，写了不能算错，但省略掉会使译文更简洁。 主要有两种情况： 原文中的某些词所表达的意思已经融入译文中，无须再用一个专门的词汇来表达，特别是译入语中没有或不活跃的词类。也就是说，译文中虽无其词而已有其意，不言而喻。 原文中某些重复的表达，在译文中可以承前或承后省略。 注意：省略不是把原文中的思想内容随意删去，而只是删去一些可有可无的，或者有了反嫌累赘，抑或违背译入语习惯的词。 二、省略代词：人称代词（主格、宾格）、物主代词 But it’s the way I am, and try as I might, I haven’t been able to change it. 但我就是这个脾气，我虽然几经努力，我却未能改变过来。 Laura wished now that she was not holding that piece of bread-and-butter, but she had nowhere to put it and she couldn’t possibly throw it away. 这时劳拉宁愿她手里没有这块涂上黄油的面包，她拿着又没有地方放，她又不可能扔掉。 The more he tried to hide his warts, the more he revealed them. 他越是要掩盖他的烂疮疤，就越是会暴露他们。 She laid her hand lightly on his arm as if to thank him it. 她轻轻地把手放在他的胳膊上，好像要感谢他（好像表示感谢）。 二、省略代词：泛指的人称代词 We live and learn. 我们活到老，学到老。 You can never tell. 你很难说。 Everywhere you can find new types of men and objects in New China. 新中国你处处可以看到新人、新事物。 Even as the doctor was recommending rest, he know that this in itself was not enough, that one could never get real rest without a peaceful mind. 尽管医生建议休息，他知道休息本身是不够的，如果心情不平静，一个人是休息不好的。 You must excuse me, I shall not speak of the matter again. 请你原谅我，我以后不再提这事了。 He sat, cursing himself, till his tea was stewed. 他坐着咒骂自己，直到把他的茶煮浓了。 I am 78 years old; I have been confined to my room with a paralytic stroke for the past 14 months. 我七十八岁了；由于患了瘫痪性中风，十四个月来一直呆自己房间。 我七十八岁了；中风导致瘫痪，十四个月来一直出不了门。 三、省略连词 He looked gloomy and troubled. 他看上去有些忧愁不安。 Despite the privation, and the mounting toll of dead and wounded, morale remained intact, and people still smile in the street. 尽管供应不足，伤亡增加，然而士气并未受到影响。街上，人们照常脸有笑容。 We know spring was coming because we had seen a robin. 我们看到了一只知更鸟，知道春天快要到了。 If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ You’ve got to be careful of these eastern lawyers. If you are not careful, they’ll take you and turn you inside out. 对这些东部的律师可得小心/提防。你若一不小心，他们就会抓/逮住你，把你整的够呛。 At last, on June 6, 1944, after the European war