滤食性底栖动物—菌藻复合生态系统对富营养水体净化的特性.docVIP

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滤食性底栖动物—菌藻复合生态系统对富营养水体净化的特性.doc

滤食性底栖动物—菌藻复合生态系统对富营养水体净化的特性.doc

滤食性底栖动物—菌藻复合生态系统对富营养水体净化的特性   摘要:为研究滤食性底栖动物-菌藻复合生态系统对富营养化水体的净化特性,选取滤食性底栖动物田螺(Cipangopaludina chinensis)、河蚌(Corbicula fluminea )和泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus),以重污染河水为处理介质构建6种复合生态系统,分别研究其对水体中污染物的净化特性、污染物降解动力学及共生菌藻的微生物特性。结果表明,6种复合生态系统对化学需氧量(COD)、总磷、总氮、氨氮均有较好的去除效果,去除率分别为69.9%~84.9%、75.9%~87.3%、84.9%~90.5%、91.9%~96.6%。由动力学分析可知,在分别由田螺和田螺+泥鳅所构成的2种复合生态系统中COD和总磷质量浓度变化符合一级动力学模型,总氮和氨氮质量浓度变化符合零级动力学模型。随时间延续,各生态系统中的滤食性底栖动物表面及悬浮态菌胶团上聚集了多种藻类、菌类及微型后生动物,促进了水中污染物的降解。在滤食性底栖动物-菌藻复合生态系统中,藻类是主要的初级生产者,滤食性底栖动物是主要消费者,菌、藻类微生物是主要分解者,三者组成了复合生态系统的主要生物群落和营养结构,所形成的这种基于共生关系的生态系统对富营养化水中的污染物质的去除主要依靠相互间的依存关系完成,以协同作用维持水生生态系统的平衡。本研究可为富营养化水体的生态修复提供理论依据和工艺设计参考。   关键词:富营养化水体;滤食性底栖动物;复合生态系统;微型后生动物   中图分类号:X171.4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2013)20-4926-06   Purification Characteristics of Eutrophic Water in Filter-Feeding Zoobenthos-Bacteria and Algae Complex Ecosystem   ZHANG Wen-yi1,ZHANG Cai-qin1,ZHAN Ming-fei1,LI Xiao-xia2,HE Ye-jun2   (1. School of Environmental Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu, China;   2. Ma’anshan Huanghe River Water Treatment Project Co Ltd, Ma’anshan 243000,Anhui,China)   Abstract: To reveal purification characteristics of eutrophic water in the complex ecosystems based on the filter-feeding zoobenthos-bacteria and algae, six complex ecosystems were constructed with adopting snail (Cipangopaludina chinensis), mussel (Corbicula fluminea)and loach(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), using heavy pollution river water as a carrier. The results showed that pollutants could be efficiently removed in all of six complex ecosystems. The pollutant removal rates of the chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen removal were 69.9%~84.9%, 75.9%~87.3%,84.9%~90.5% and 91.9%~96.6%, respectively. Pollutant kinetic analysis showed that the concentration changes of COD and TP were fitted with the first order kinetic model and that the concentration changes of TN and NH3-N conformed zeroorder kinetic model in the ecosystem based on sna

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