种植年限对菜地土壤微生物生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响.docVIP

种植年限对菜地土壤微生物生物量碳、氮及酶活性的影响 　　摘要：通过对重庆市九龙坡区白市驿镇蔬菜基地不同种植年限（1、5、10、15年）的菜地土壤样品进行采集与分析，研究了不同种植年限下菜地土壤的微生物数量、微生物生物量碳（SMBC）和微生物生物量氮（SMBN）以及土壤酶活性。结果表明，①不同种植年限的菜地中，表层（0～20 cm）土壤中微生物数量和酶活性及SMBC、SMBN总体上高于亚表层（20～40 cm）中的含量；②0～20 cm菜地土壤中细菌和放线菌的数量在种植10年的土壤中最多，而真菌的数量在种植5年的土壤中最多；③对于SMBC来说，0～20 cm菜地土壤的SMBC含量随着种植年限的增加逐渐递减；对于SMBN来说，0～20 cm菜地土壤的SMBN含量在种植年限内较稳定；在种植10年的土壤中SMBC和SMBN含量无论在表层还是亚表层中都较高；④不同的种植年限下菜地土壤中酶活性呈现不同的变化，其中过氧化氢酶在不同种植年限下的酶活性比较稳定，维持在1.22～1.62 mL/g；而脲酶和蔗糖酶活性在长期施肥情况下浮动较大，其中脲酶活性最高可达1.80 mg/g，最低仅有0.15 mg/g；蔗糖酶活性最低为0.91 mg/g，最高也只有3.40 mg/g。 　　关键词：土壤微生物；微生物生物量；土壤酶活性；种植年限；菜地 　　中图分类号：S158.5；S154 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）20-4903-05 　　Effects of Planting Years on Soil Microbial Carbon， Nitrogen and Enzyme Activity of Vegetable Fields 　　HUANG Rong，WAN Yi-lin，GAO Ming 　　（College of Resources and Environment， Southwest University，Chongqing 400715，China） 　　Abstract： Soil samples were collected and analyzed from vegetable fields with different planting years （1，5，10，15 years） in the vegetable base of Baishiyi town， Jiulongpo district， Chongqing city. The soil microorganism quantity， microbial biomass carbon（SMBC） and nitrogen（SMBN）， and soil enzyme activity were studied. The results showed that microorganism quantity and enzyme activity， SMBC and SMBN content of surface soil （0 to 20 cm） were higher than that of subsurface soil（20 to 40 cm）. In 0～20 cm vegetable soil the maximum amount of bacteria and actinomycetes were in the vegetable soil planted for 10 years， while the maximum amount of fungi was in the vegetable soil planted for 5 years. SMBC content in 0～20 cm vegetable soil gradually decreased with the increase of planting years. SMBN content in 0～20 cm vegetable soil with different planting years was relatively stable. SMBC and SMBN contents in both surface or subsurface soil planted for 10 years were high.Enzyme activity in vegetable soil was differed with different planting years. Catalase activity in soil with different planting years was relatively stable and mainta