高速铁路高架桥挡风墙高度和距离优化辩析.docVIP

(高速铁路高架桥挡风墙高度和距离优化分析 摘 要：为了研究挡风墙对列车横向气动性能的影响，基于可压缩粘性流体Navier-Stokes方程和k-ε两方程湍流模型,采用有限体积法计算了列车在直线和不同半径曲线高架桥上运行时，不同挡风墙高度和距离的275种工况下列车侧向力和侧翻力矩，获得了最佳挡风墙高度和距离。研究结果表明，车速为200～400km/h，风速为20～40m/s条件下，列车在直线高架桥运行的最佳挡风墙高度和距离分别约为2.40m和3.90m；当弯道半径为1000～7000m时，曲线高架桥最佳挡风墙高度随弯道半径的增大线性减小，最优挡风墙距离与弯道半径关系不大，约为4.50m；风速和车速对挡风墙的最佳高度和最优距离影响很小；如果挡风墙高度过低或距离过近，头车所受侧向力和侧翻力矩方向与尾车相反。 关键词：高速列车；空气动力学；数值模拟；高架桥；挡风墙最佳高度和距离 中图分类号: U27；V211　　文献标志码: A Optimization analysis of the height and distance of the shelter wind wall for viaduct of high speed railway Abstract: Based on the Navier-Storkes equations of viscous compressible fluid and the k-ε two-equation turbulent mode, the side forces and rolling moments of trains were calculated by means of the finite volume method. The effect of shelter wind walls on transverse aerodynamic forces acting on trains was investigated, and the optimal heights and distances of walls were obtained. There were 275 cases including the straight viaduct and different radius curve viaduct with different heights and distances of walls. The research results show that, the best height and distance of shelter wind walls on the straight viaduct are about 2.40m and 3.90m respectively under 200~400km/h train speeds and 20~40m/s transverse wind speeds. When the train runs on the curve viaduct with 1000~7000m radius, the optimal height decreases linearly with the increase of the radius, meanwhile the best distance is about 4.50m with little relation to the radius. Wind speeds and train speeds have a few effects on the best height and distance of walls. If the wall height is too low or the distance is too close, the direction of side forces and rolling moments acting on the head and rear train are reverse. Key words: high speed train; aerodynamics; numerical simulation; viaduct; the optimal height and distance of the shelter wind wall 近年来，我国的高速铁路建设得到了快速发展。在高速铁路经过的区域，道路纵横交错且土地资源十分宝贵，高架桥已成为高速铁路建设中的典型路况形式。据统计，我国在建和拟建的高速铁路中有70％以上的承载结构为 图1 铁路高架桥 高架桥（图1）。列车在高架桥上运行时如果受到强横风作用，很容易脱轨