C++_Training.pptxVIP

C++C Rulez!C++ Rulez!目录一个简单的示例函数重载（Function Overloading）运算符重载（Operator Overloading）继承（Inheritance） 多态（Polymorphism）模板（Templates）异常处理（Exception Handling）命名空间（NameSpace）STL （Standard Template Library）设计模式（Design Patterns）Segment.cppSegment.h#include “Segment.h”#include “Point.h”Segment::Segment(){ m_p0 = new Point(0, 0); m_p1 = new Point(1, 1);}Segment::~Segment(){ delete m_p0; delete m_p1;}#ifndef __SEGMENT_HEADER__#define __SEGMENT_HEADER__class Point;class Segment{public: Segment(); virtual ~Segment();private: Point *m_p0, *m_p1;};#endif // __SEGMENT_HEADER__Some C++ code#include#include “Segment.h”#include iostreamInsert header file at this point.Use library header.Header Guards#ifndef __SEGMENT_HEADER__#define __SEGMENT_HEADER__// contents of Segment.h//...#endifTo ensure it is safe to include a file more than once.Header GuardsIf this variable is not defined…#ifndef __SEGMENT_HEADER__#define __SEGMENT_HEADER__// contents of segment.H//...#endifTo ensure it is safe to include a file more than once.Define it.End of guarded area.controller.hgui.h#include “controller.h”// define gui// ...#include “gui.h”class Controller{//...private: Gui* myGui;//...};Circular IncludesWhat’s wrong with this picture?How do we fix it?controller.hgui.h//Forward Declarationclass Controller;// define gui// ...//Forward declarationclass Gui;class Controller{//...private: Gui* myGui;//...};Forward DeclarationsIn header files, only include what you must.If only pointers to a class are used, use forward declarations.LinkerAssociates functions with definitions CompilerTranslates to machine codeAssociates calls with functionsPreprocessorInlines #includes etc.CompilationObject filesExecutableExternal Libraries, libc.so, libcs123.so目录一个简单的示例函数重载（Function Overloading）运算符重载（Operator Overloading）继承（Inheritance） 多态（Polymorphism）模板（Templates）异常处理（Exception Handling）命名空间（NameSpace）STL （Standard Template Library）设计模式（Design Patterns）Function Overloading使用 C 语言编程时，如果要编写施加于不同类型数据的操作函数时，必须使用不同的函数名。例如： int