Grammar 冠词.pptVIP

Module 6 Grammar Objectives 学习合成名词。 2. 学习冠词的用法。 Grammar 1 冠词的定义 冠词是置于名词之前、说明名词所表示的人或事物的一种虚词。冠词也可以说是名词的一种标志，它不能离开名词而单独存在。 冠词有三个，即定冠词(definite article)、不定冠词(indefinite article)和零冠词 (zero article)。 不定冠词有两个形式,一个是a, 另一个是an。 a 用在辅音(指的是音标不是指字母)开头的词前, an 用在以元音开头的词前。 a university, an umbrella, a European, an example, a one-act play, an hour 不定冠词的基本用法: 4. 用来表计量，相当于per or every 。 He works ten hours a day. He drove at 5 miles an hour. 2.表示某一类人或事物, 相当于any。 A horse is an animal. A plane is a machine that can fly. 1.用于首次提到的人或物的单数名词前面。 An old cock is sitting in a tall tree. I’m working in a factory. He is a doctor. 3.用于描写自然现象的名词前，表示“一阵”、“一场”、 a heavy snow a shower a heavy rain a strong wind 5. 用于人名前，表示一个不确定的人或一个…样的人物. A Lucy came to visit you. He is a Leifeng. I wish to become a Newton. 6.用在某些抽象名词或物质名词之前。表示是什么样的人，是什么样的事物。抽象名词具体化，物质名称可数化 The little girl is a joy to her parents. He is a success. The meeting is a failure. It is a pleasure to work with you. He did me a great kindness. What a great surprise you gave me. A knowledge of English is a must today. a tea/ coffee an ice cream 7. 用于序数词前，表示“再，又”。 Give me a second chance. Try a second time 8. 用于某些固定的词组。 a lot of/a lot; a few; a little; a piece of …; have a rest ; as a matter of fact ; as a result; all of a sudden; in a hurry; tell a lie; for a while; once in a while; keep a diary; have an effect on…; at a loss; make a living; have a temperature; in a nutshell; take a seat; make a note of…; have a knowledge of…; 定冠词的基本用法: 1. 特指某个或某些人或事物, 或指谈话 双方都知道的人或事物, 或重复上文 提到的人或事物。例如： How do you like the film? There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby is very fat. 2. 指世界上独一无二的事物。 The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun. the sky; the universe; the atmosphere 3. 用在单数可数名词之前, 表示某一类人或事物. The lion is more fierce than the wolf. The compass was invented in ancient China. 4.