四级__现完成时考点分析_教师版.docVIP

现在完成时 1．考点分析。 ①现在完成时除可以和for、since引导的状语连用外，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks)、in recent years等。 ②下列句型中常用现在完成时 It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句 This(That / It)is the first(second…)time that + 完成时 This(That / It)is the only … + that + 完成时 This(that / It)is the best / finest / most interesting … + that 从句 + 完成时 ③在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。如：I shall post the letter as soon as I have written it. If you have done the experiment, you will realize the theory better. Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 3. All the preparations for the task ___________, and we’re ready to start. A. completed?????????????????????? B. complete C. had been completed?????????????? D. have been completed 解析：答案为D。现在完成时表示过去年做的事对现在的影响。从and we’re ready to start句意可知，一切准备工作已经就绪，可以开始工作了。complete是及物动词，与句子的主语是被动关系，所以需要用被动语态表达。注意①分清complete与主语之间的关系；②结合语境选择正确时态。 4、在用already, ever, never, yet, just, recently, now, in the past 3 years, since last month, ever since, so far, up to now, this year, for a long time等作状语时，常用现在完成时。 More patients ____ in hospital this year than last year. A. treated??? B. have treated??? C. had been treated??? D. have been treated 题干中含有时间状语this year，同时又与去年比较，所以应该用一般现在或现在完成时；又因patients是treat的行为对象，所以答案是D。 5、被 the first time, several times, again and again 等表示次数或重复的状语修饰，所说的又是现在的事情时，用现在完成时（尽管动作行为发生或开始于过去某一时间） — The window is dirty. —???? I know. It ____ for weeks. A. hasn’t cleaned??? B. didn’t clean??? C. wasn’t cleaned??? D. hasn’t been cleaned 分析：句子中有表时间长度的状语for weeks，又是谈的现在的事，所以答案是D。同时由于主语it（指the window）是动作的对象，所以应该用被动语态。 —???? Do you know our town at all? —???? No, this is the first time I ____ here. A. was??? B. have been??? C. came??? D. am coming 分析：B是正确答案，现在完成时强调次数。 5．It’s [will be] the first time that…(．第一次…)。如：It’s the first time I’ve come here. 这是我第一次来这儿。 Don’t forget, it’ll be the first time I’ve spoken in public. 别忘了，这是我第一次在公共场合发言。 6、与一般过去时一样，现在完成时所表示的动作也发生在过去。但有两点与一般过去时不同，首先是其行为发生时间的不具体性（一般过去时往往与明确的过去时间状语连用），其次是现在完成时强调与