nuclearbindingenergy-unitedinternationalcollege.ppt

/wiki/Peak_coal /wiki/Peak_coal Let us review what are the options available to us. Fossil fuels, including oil and coal. Wind solar, too depend on weather, may not be available when we need it, need to develop storage system. Energy density not dense enough, not economical. Fission, safety waste disposal problem. Supply may be a problem. Proliferation is a political concern. Fusion, … In this talk I will focus on fission fusion. /wiki/File:Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes.svg /wiki/Binding_energy /hbase/nucene/nucbin.html#c2 /hbase/nucene/nucbin.html /wiki/File:Nuclear_fission.svg /wiki/Nuclear_fission /genchem/topicreview/bp/ch23/modes.php /wiki/File:Nuclear_fusion_forces_diagram.svg This is why fusion is also called thermonuclear reaction. /wiki/Nuclear_fusion /wiki/Qinshan_Nuclear_Power_Plant Reactors active5?(2,808?MW)Reactors?under construction2?(1,300?MW)Reactors planned4?(2,800?MW) FW = first wall FPY = full power year The solar wind is the product of fusion reactions in the sun. * Hydrogen and helium are the principal components of the solar wind. Because of the Moons roughly spherical shape and its monthly passage through the magnetic tail of the Earth, the net flux of solar wind particles on the lunar surface varies significant with latitude and longitude. Nearside: Relative flux varies from less than 10% near the poles, to about 30% at 0 Lat and 0 Long, to over 80% near the 90W and 90E. Farside: over 90% between 30N and 30S, dropping off to less than 10% near the poles. * Based on the measured concentrations in lunar samples and extrapolations across the Moons surface, a rough inventory of lunar volatiles in the upper 3m of the lunar surface can be made. * The structure of the solar wind in the vicinity of the Earth and Moon is profoundly affected by the Earths magnetic field. Figure: Structure of the Solar Wind in the vicinity of the Earth and Moon. As the moon orbiting around the earth, it enters in and out of the earth’s magnetosphere, w