Partiiples Used as Adjectives.docVIP

Participles Used as Adjectives Both present and past participles are used with the verbs to be and to have to create common verb tenses, but they can also be used as adjectives. Since there is a slight difference in meaning between the present and the past participles when they are used as adjectives, it is very important to choose the appropriate form. Present participles are formed by adding –ing to the verb stem. As an adjective, a present participle modifies a noun that affects someone or something else. The new song is interesting. The new song was interesting. Past participles are formed by adding –ed, to the verb stem, but some of the irregular forms may end in –d, –en, –n, or –t. As an adjective, a past participle modifies a noun that is affected by someone or something else. The fans are interested in the new song. The fans were interested in the new song. Participles generally come before the noun they modify. They may also be linked to the subject of the sentence by a linking verb such as to be or to feel. The park is a frightening place at night. Steve felt frightened as he walked alone in the park at night. A list of -ed, -ing Participial Adjectives ? The confused class. (all the students) ? The chicken has eaten. (perfect aspect:) ? The chicken was eaten. (passive voice) The following words are past participle adjectives verb - present participle - past participle ?aggravate - aggravating - aggravated ? alarm - alarming - alarmed ? amaze - amazing - amazed ? amuse - amusing - amused ? annoy - annoying - annoyed ? appall - appalling - appalled ? astonish - astonishing - astonished ? astound - astounding - astounded ? bewilder - bewildering - bewildered ? bore - boring - bored ? calm - calming - calmed ? captivate - captivating - captivated ? challenge - challenging - challenged ? charm - charming - charmed ? comfort - comforting - comforted ? compel - compelling - compelled ? confuse - confusing - confuse