尾矿地林业态治理示范.docVIP

尾矿地林业生态治理示范 韩 勇1，段军浩1，张保军2，陈阿敏1 （1杨凌（周至）现代植物培育引种示范园，陕西周至 710400； 2西北农林科技大学，陕西杨凌 712100） 摘 要：陕西马鞍桥生态矿业有限公司建矿14年来，每年排放尾矿20万t，现已排放300多万t，占地面积33.3 hm2，污染周边环境，每年还要支付20多万元的租赁费、保护费，数量庞大而且不断增长的尾矿已成为制约企业可持续发展、危及周边生态环境的重要因素。2004—2005年投资300多万元，采用土地复垦工程和大绿工程措施，对20 hm2尾矿地进行林业生态治理示范。共计栽植绿化苗木和草花51万株，使尾矿复垦率达到了60%，初步建成立体林业生态体系，通过对该体系内土壤、植物和水质污染重金属汞、铅、镉、砷、氰化物进行检测，掌握了污染物重金属的影响规律，对人畜没有直接影响。年收入55500元/hm2，复垦20hm2，年产值可达100万元以上。取得了显著的经济效益，实现了尾矿复垦利用规划目标，改善了生态环境，创建了黄金矿山与生态农业有机结合的企业模式。 关键词：尾矿地；复垦利用；生态治理 中图分类号：S68 文献标识码：A Example on Ecological Forestry Management of Tailings Han Yong1, Duan Junhao1, Zhang Baojun2, Chen Amin1 (1Yangling〈Zhouzhi〉Introduction and Breeding of Modern Plant Demonstration Garden, Zhouzhi 710400; 2Northwest A＆F University, Shaanxi Yangling 712100) Abstract: The Shaanxi Maanqiao ecology mining industry limited company constructs the ore for 14 years, discharges tailings 200,000 t every year, already discharged 3,000,000 t, stack area 33.3hm2, it also has polluted the peripheral environment. Rental and the expense of manages 200,000 Yuan every year was padded. The huge number of tailings which moreover grew unceasingly has become the important factors that restriction enterprise sustainable development and endangers the peripheral ecological environment. In 2004-2005 year, 3 million Yuan in the model research of ecological forestry management of tailings to the 20 hm2 tailings by adopted the measure of land reclamation projects and the Green Project was invested. Green plants and flowers 510,000 in all was planted, and enabled the tailings reclamation rate to achieve 60%, a three-dimensional forestry ecology system completed initially; meanwhile carried on the test to the pollution heavy metals: Hg, Pb , Cd , As , cyanide of three indicators :the soil, plants and water; we have grasped the influence rule that each indicators of pollutant heavy metal, it has not caused a direct influence to the human and livestock; each hm2 receives 55,500 Yuan every year, re