蓄水池液位控制系统.docxVIP

南华大学过程控制仪表课程设计设计题目 PLC控制的蓄水池液位系统 学生姓名 专业班级 自动化1002班 学 号 指导老师 目录设计的目的和意义······································2设计目的 ············································3设计意义 ···········································3控制系统工艺流程及控制要求 ···························4基本任务 ············································4基求控制要求··········································4给定条件··············································4主要性能指标··········································4工艺流程图············································5总体设计方案 ········································6控制方法选择 ········································73.1.1控制方法选择········································73.1.2系统组成············································7系统组成 ············································8软硬件设计 ··········································8建模过程 ············································8硬件开发及系统配置 ··································10PLC系统—CPU、模/数转换模块、数/模转换模块·········10回路表·············································10PID指令············································11程序流程图··········································12程序················································14课程设计实验 ·······································18遇到的问题及解决方法 ·······························18收获和体会 ·········································19参考文献·············································19 · 第1章 设计的目的及意义1.1设计目的对蓄水池液位/压力控制系统。这是一个单回路反馈控制系统,控制的任务是使水箱的液位/压力等于给定值,减小或消除来自系统内部或外部扰动的影响。用液位/压力参数为被控对象。交流电动机带动齿轮泵通过阀1向上水箱供水,调节阀2使之同时向外排水,令入水的速度大于出水的速度,达到被控参数(液位/压力)的动态调整。1.2设计意义在人们生活以及工业生产等诸多领域经常涉及到液位和流量的控制问题, 例如居民生活用水的供应, 饮料、食品加工, 溶液过滤, 化工生产等多种行业的生产加工过程, 通常需要使用蓄液池, 蓄液池中的液位需要维持合适的高度, 既不能太满溢出造成浪费, 也不能过少而无法满足需求。因此液面高度是工业控制过程中一个重要的参数，特别是在动态的状态下，采用适合的方法对液位进行检测、控制，能收到很好的效果。可编程控制器（PLC）是计算机家族中的一员，是为工业控制应用而设计制造的，主要用来代替继电器实现逻辑控制。 PID控制（比例、积分和微分控制）是目前采用最多的控制方法。本文主要是对一水箱液位控制系统的设计过程，涉及到液位的动态控制、控制系统的建模、PLC控制、PID算法、传感器和调节阀等一系列的知识。作为单容水箱液位的控制系统，其模型为一阶惯性函数，控制方式采用了PID算法，控制核心为S7-200系列的CPU222以及A/D、D/A转换模块，传感器为扩散硅式压力传感器，调节阀为电动调节阀。选用以上的器件设备、控制方案和算法等，是为了能最大限度地满足系统对诸如控制精度