SERDE Introduction.ppt

SERDES Introduction Agenda I/O Overview SERDES CDR Fundamental SERDES Measurements How to Evaluate a SERDES Device? High Speed Design Consideration I/O Overview Data transmission, is a means of moving data from one location to another. There are two main parameters that define how the information is transferred. Distance, the space between the sending and the receiving systems speed, the rate at which data has to be passed to the receiving deviceAs Cable length increases, the speed at which the information is transmitted must be lowered in order to keep the bit error rate down I/O Types I/O Interfaces I/O Timeline Number of Standards Has Increased Dramatically Agenda I/O Overview SERDES CDR Fundamental SERDES Measurements How to Evaluate a SERDES Device? High Speed Design Consideration Parallel vs. Serial Data Transfer Parallel data transfer Multiple lines consume board space Lines interfere with each other Each line needs its own termination circuitry Serial Data Transfer Fewer lines yields reduced board space Line interference can be minimized Uses a fraction of the termination circuitry vs. parallel No Skew Issues Why SERDES? At Very High Speeds, Board-Level Parallel Data Becomes Nearly Impossible to Manage Variances in Trace Characteristics and Lengths Contribute to Skew: Data to Data Skew Clock to Data Skew Trace count and crosstalk Backplane Cost is proportional to traces and skew requirements Logic is Best Performed on Parallel Data A SERDES Allows the Best of Both Worlds Serial Data with an Embedded Clock for Distributing Across Backplanes Parallel Data with Separate Clock for Logic Manipulation SERDES Functionality A SERDES has a: Transmit section (SERializer) and a Receive section (DESerializer), also know as a CDR The transmit portion integrates: DATA with a CLOCK signal to modulate the clock pulse (Similar to Manchester encoding) CDR Functionality The receive portion (CDR) finds both the underlying clock and the stream of data from this modulated