专业英语4_NANOTECH.pptVIP

History of Nanotechnology Richard Feynman Scanning Tunneling Microscope nano-structure Nano Applications Davis Cup tennis competition Lucent Technologies 朱棣文用激光捕获原子 Michael Crichton and his Movie Nanotech’s Future * Nanotechnology—the tiny revolutionNanotechnology gets its name from a measure of distance. A nanometer, or nano [‘n?n??, ‘nein??], is one-thousand-millionth of a meter 十亿分之一米. This is the level of size of atoms and molecules. Nanotechnologists work with this small materials.Some experts credit the idea to physicist Richard Feynman. In 1959, this Nobel Prize winner gave a speech. He called it “There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom.” Mister Feynman discussed the theory that scientists could make devices smaller and smaller -- all the way down to the atomic level. He did not use the word nanotechnology, but for years this idea remained only a theory. Richard Feynman gave the classic talk Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom-An Invitation to Enter a New Field of Physics on December 29th 1959 at the annual meeting of the American Physical Society at the California Institute of Technology Caltech. Born: 11 May 1918 in Far Rockaway, New York, USA Died: 15 Feb 1988 in Los Angeles, California, USA 费曼对物理学的贡献非常之大，以致很多物理学家把他称为“新的”物理学之父，而爱因斯坦则是“早先的”物理学之父。 1965年，费曼和朱利安·薛温格、朝永振一郎共同获得了诺贝尔物理奖，他的主要贡献在于对量子电动力学的理解，这个学科研究的是光和带电粒子之间的相互作用，特别是光和电子之间的相互作用。他在弱核反应和超导研究当中也作出了巨大的贡献。At the time, no way existed to record structures the size of molecules. Not even electron microscopes 电子显微镜could do the job. But as the 1980s began, two researchers found a way. Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer worked at a laboratory in Zurich Switzerland. They worked for IBM, the American company International Business Machines美国国际商用机器公司.They invented what they called a scanning tunneling microscope STM扫瞄隧道显微镜. This permitted scientists to observe molecules and even atoms in greater detail than ever before. Once they could see microscopic structures, the next step for scientists was to find a way to creat