英语国家概括-澳大利亚(Australia).pptVIP

? of land is arid干旱的or semi-arid Challenges in Agriculture, Economy, and Conservation. Only 6.9% of the land is arable耕地– 90% of which is used largely for rough grazing牧场 Drought, fires, and floods are common hazards冒险 Lack of water Unsuitable Soil and topography地貌– salinity盐分 1606-Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish ships sighted Australia Australia was a part of Godwana风瓦纳古陆 1st inhabitants: Aborigines澳大利亚的土著居民 Migrated there at least 40,000 yrs. ago from Southeast Asia 1616-became known as New Holland Australia-comes from “Terra Australis” 1788-British arrived 1770-Great Britain claimed possession, calling it New South Wales 3 island territories in the Pacific: Norfolk Island Christmas Island Cocos Islands Only nation to occupy an entire continent Flattest and (after Antarctica) driest of continents North: rainforests and vast plains South East: snowfields Centre: desert East, South, and South West: fertile croplands Geography Six Colonies Free settlers and former prisoners established six colonies: New South Wales-1786 Tasmania塔斯马尼亚-1825 Western Australia-1829 South Australia-1834 Victoria-1851 Queensland昆士兰州-1859 Geography (cont’d) 6th largest nation The Capital is Canberra Relatively small population Only nation to govern an entire continent and its outlying islands Federation: 6 states, 2 territories Largest state: Western Australia 1/3 of the country lies in the tropics回归线 Attractions/Important Economic Enterprises Famous weapon: Aborigine’s boomerang Gold rushes/mining Sheep farming Grain Liberal Legislation Free compulsory education Protected trade unionism联合主义w/industrial conciliation and arbitration Secret ballot Women’s suffrage Maternity母性allowances Sickness and old-age pensions补贴 Australia’s Education Education in Australia is primarily the responsibility of the states and territories. Each state or territory government provides funding and regulates the public and private schools within its governing area. The federal government helps fun