计算机网络03.ppt

protocol.h #define MAX_PTK 1024 typedef enum {false, true} boolean; typedef unsigned int seq_nr; typedef enum {data, ack, nak} frame_kind; typedef struct { unsigned char data[MAX_PKT]; } packet; typedef struct{ frame_kind kind; seq_nr seq; seq_nr ack; packet info; } frame; void wait_for_event(event_type *event); void from_network_layer(packet *p); void to_network_layer(packet *p); void from_physical_layer(frame *r); void to_physical_layer(frame *s); void start_timer(seq_nr k); void stop_timer(seq_nr k); void start_ack_timer(void); void stop_ack_timer(void); void enable_network_layer(void); void disable_network_layer(void); #difine inc(k) if (kMAX_SEQ) k=k+1; else k=0 乌托邦(wtopia). typedef enum{fram_arrival} event_type; #includeprotocol.h void sender1(void) { frame s; packet buffer; while(true){ from_network_layer(buffer); s.info=buffer; to_physical_layer(s);} } void receiver1(void) { frame r; event_type event; while(true){ wait_for_event(event); from_physical_layer(r0; to_network_layer(r.info);} } 假定信道仍是无差错信道。 增加约束条件：接收方不能无休止接收。 解决办法：接收方每收到一个帧后，给发送方回送一个响应。 工作过程 发送程序：取数据，成帧，发送帧，等待响应帧； 接收程序：等待，接收帧，送数据给高层，回送响应帧。 Void receiver2(void) { frame r,s; event_type event; while (true){ wait_for_event(event); from_physical_layer(r); to_network_layer(r.info); to_physical_layer(s); } } Bit Stuffing Example with possible errors Address Field Identifies secondary station that sent or will receive frame Usually 8 bits long May be extended to multiples of 7 bits LSB of each octet indicates that it is the last octet (1) or not (0) All ones is broadcast Control Field Different for different frame type Information - data to be transmitted to user (next layer up) Flow and error control piggybacked on information frames Supervisory - ARQ when piggyback not used Unnumbered - supplementary link control First one or two bits of control