BP双语教学——Extension Speeches双语版.pptxVIP

China Debate Education Network: Extending Arguments in Member Speeches阁员陈词中的扩展立论翻译：曾庆熹Extension Speech扩展陈词Most Important Message最重要的信息Who speaks?谁说What to say?说什么How to say it?怎么说Who Speaks?谁说？MG Speaker 政府阁员 MO Speaker 反对党阁员 What Task to Undertake?任务目标？Task 1. Refutation 目标1.反驳 ---- Length should be brief.长度简短 ---- Content should be essential.内容精要 Task 2. Extension 目标2.扩展 ---- Length should be considerable.长度充分 ---- Content should be elaborate.内容详实What to Say? 说什么？Types of Extension 扩展类型 New Line of Argument开辟新论点 In-depth Analysis深入分析 Focused Case Study个案聚焦What is new Line of argument开辟新论点A new reason to explain why particular claim is correct. This new reason is independent from other reasons .开辟阐释论证相关结论的新论点。这些新的论点是独立于（已有的）其他论点的。What is deeper analysis?深入分析More comprehensive understanding of the argument discussed.更加综合性地理解已讨论的论点Like onion-peeling, figure out the reason behind each arguments made. 就像剥洋葱，指出各论点背后的深层次问题What is focused case study? 个案聚焦---- Focus on one typical example and offer detailed analysis of it聚焦于一个典型案例，提供有关于它的具体分析How to say it? 怎么说？Criteria of good extension speech好的扩展陈词的标准1. New argument / analysis 新的论点与分析2.Loyalty （对己方上院的）忠诚3.Distinction （与己方上院的）区别 Why speak ?为什么要说？1.Unique contribution （建立）独特贡献（意即与上院不同）2.Advancement （展现）过人之处（意即比上院更好）Example1: This House would ban smoking in China.Opening Government Opening OppositionModel: Smoking should be banned totally in China.1. Ensure healthy Living Environment-Protect second-smoking smoking victims2.Reduce medical burden on public healthcare system3. Reduce the risk of fireRebuttal argumentsConstructive arguments1. Free choice of lifestyle2. Economic Impacts - Loss of revenue (tobacco industry) - Personal economic loss (shopkeepers, tobacco factory workers, tobacco farmers) - More serious unemployment 例1: 本院将在中国禁止吸烟正方上院反方上院讨论模型: 在中国全面禁烟1. 确保健康的生活环境，保护二手烟受害者2.减少公共卫生系统的医疗负担3. 减少火灾风险反驳部分（略）立论部分：1. 生活方式的自由选择权2. 对经济的影响 - 收入损失(烟草行业) - 个人经济损失(零售店主, 烟草工厂工人, 烟叶农民) - 更加严重的失业 Example1 例1: This Ho