BP双语教学——Opening Opposition Arguments双语版.pptxVIP

China Debate Education Network: Opening Opposition Arguments反方上院的立论翻译：曾庆熹Presentation Outline目录Responsibilities of the Opening Opposition 反方上院的职责Developing the Opposition stance 制定反方策略Constructing Opposition arguments 建构反方立论Responsibilities职责To confront the Opening Government case and establish Opposition arguments 反击正上立论及建立反方立论体系Leader of Opposition反对党领袖:1) to directly or indirectly refute part/all of the Opening Government case直接或间接地对正上立论做全部或局部的反驳2) to construct independent Opposition arguments建立独立（于正方立论体系）的反方立论体系Deputy Leader of Opposition反对党副领袖:1) to continue Leader’s refutation 继续反驳2) to carry on independent arguments introduced by Leader继续阐述我方立论3) to initiate at least one new argument建立至少一个新论点Developing the Opposition stance制定反方策略Three options三个选择:1) to explicitly support the status quo明确地支持现状（译注：即论证现状无需改变）2) to defend the status quo in principle在原则上支持现状（译注：即承认存在问题但在原则上仍有合理性）3) to support a counter model建立相抗讨论模型（译注：即提出替代政策）Coming next: examples for each option! 接下来：各策略选择举例Sample motion and model辩题与讨论模型案例The following examples of developing Opposition stance and arguments will all be based on 接下来的反方策略和立论举例都基于如下设定The Motion辩题: This House would reform the Hukou policy. 本院将改革户口政策And its Government model正方讨论模型: To reform the Hukou policy means removing restrictions on education and health care 改革户口政策即意味着去掉其对教育和医疗的限制Option 1: Supporting the status quoOpposition stance: The present Hukou policy works fine. It should not be reformed; doing something else may result in unnecessary harms. 反方策略：当前的户口政策运行良好。它不应该被改革，变动可能导致不必要的副作用选择一：明确地支持现状Option 2: Defending the status quo in principle选择二：在原则上支持现状Opposition stance: The Opposition will maintain the status quo. Despite the problems of inequality in education within the present Hukou policy, the general principle of targeted development still stands because it allows for greater economic success. Since the Government model goes against the general principle of targeted development, there is no need to adopt the Govern