第二十二章 营养与儿科疾病课件.pptVIP

第二十二章 营养与儿科疾病Chapter22 Nutrition and pediatric diseases 唐玉涵 刘菊英 第一节 蛋白质-热能营养不良 Section 1 Protein-energy malnutrition PEM 一、PEM与营养的关系The relationship between PEM and nutrition?  蛋白质和热能摄入不足 Inadequate intake of protein and energy? 蛋白质和热量消耗增加或机体需要突增 Consumption of protein and calories or the needs increasing suddenly 营养代谢变化 Changes in nutrient metabolism? 二、营养预防 Nutritional Prevention? 提倡母乳喂养 Advocate breastfeeding? 及时治疗相关疾病 Treatment of associated diseases? timely 早发现、早冶疗 Early detection and early treatment 三、营养治疗 Nutrition Therapy? 营养治疗原则 Principles of nutrition therapy ? 蛋白质和能量 Protein and energy? 维生素和矿物质 Vitamins and minerals? 水电解质平衡 Water and electrolyte balance? 流质、半流质 Liquid, or semi-liquid diet? 三、营养治疗 Nutrition Therapy 食物和营养素的选择 choice of food and nutrients? 能量和蛋白质 Energy and protein? 食物和营养素 food and nutrients 婴儿饮食 Baby food? recipes 儿童饮食 Childrens diet? 第二节 肥胖症 Section 2 Obesity 定义 definition 肥胖症：机体脂肪过度积聚和脂肪组织过量扩增的一种营养障碍性疾病。 Obesity is an excess of body fat that frequently results in a significant impairment of health. Obesity results when the size or number of fat cells in a persons body increases. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of illness, disability, and death. 一、本病与营养的关系 Relationship between obesity and nutrition?  血脂 lipid 三酰甘油 triglyceride 、胆固醇cholesterol 、低密度脂蛋白LDL ，高密度脂蛋白HDL 血糖 Blood Glucose 二、营养预防 Nutritional prevention 三、营养治疗 Nutrition therapy? 原则 Principles 能量负平衡、促进脂肪分解根本原则 Negative energy balance and promoting the lipolysis are fundamental principles. 食物及营养素选择 The choice of food and nutrients 蛋白质、脂肪、糖类 Protein、fats、carbohydrate 能量供给 energy supply 低脂、高蛋白、高维生素、高膳食纤维 Low-fat, high-protein, high-vitamin and high-fiber 满足食欲和避免饥饿感 Satisfying the appetite and avoiding hunger 一、本病与营养的关系 Relationship between Infant diarrhea and nutrition 急性腹泻 Acute Diarrhea 病程