英语情态动词的用法及区别.docVIP

英语情态动词的用法及区别 【摘 要】情态动词是用来表达说话人的情感态度，对事物的看法、倾向、好恶程度等，也是表达请求、命令、警告、赞扬、厌恶等情感的一类词。它是学生学习英语时不好把握的一个语法难点，也是高考的重点之一。为了帮助同学们更好地学习情态动词，本文介绍了情态动词在具体语境中的基本用法。 【关键词】情态动词 基本用法 区别 【中图分类号】G632 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1674-4810（2015）15-0103-03情态动词常用来表达说话人的情感态度，对事物的看法、倾向、好恶程度以及求、命令、警告、赞扬、厌恶等情感。下面谈谈它的基本用法和区别。一 情态动词的基本用法第一，表示征求对方意见或许可的情态动词有must，can，could，may，might，shall等，如：――Must I hand in my homework today？――Yes，you must.＼Yes，you have to.――No，you needn’t.＼No，you don’t have to（用mustn’t是讲不通的）Can I come in and have a good look at your house with my girlfriend now？（比较口语化）――Could I use your mobile phone as mine is power off？（语气委婉）――Yes，you can.（回答不能用could）May ＼ Might I use your bicycle？ （比较正式，用might语气更委婉）Shall I open the window to let in some fresh air？ （shall此用法只用于第一和第三人称）Shall he come to sit in this seat and listen to your speech？（同上）第二，表示邀请或请求的情态动词有can，will，would，could，一般用于第二人称;用would和could时表示语气更加委婉，如：Can ＼ Could you lend me some money to buy some books and dictionaries？Will ＼ Would you please tell us a story or joke for pleasure？第三，表示允许或许可的情态动词有can，may，如：You can sit here and do your homework because the seat is not occupied.You may go to bed and get up as late as you like;nobody cares about that.第四，表示禁止的情态动词有can’t，mustn’t，shan’t等否定形式，shan’t 多表按照某规定“不能”如：They can’t wear whatever they like when they are at school.Anybody mustn’t take books out of the library without permission. 　　You shan’t hand in your papers ahead of time in the examinations according to the regulations.第五，表示建议或劝告的情态动词有ought to，should，had better，need等，如：Parents ought to take care of their children when they are young and children ought to look after their parents when they are old.（ought to表示义务，为别人做某事）You should do a lot of exercise regularly to improve your health.（should表建议，多指为自己做某事）You had better put more clothes in case it is cold on the mountain，boy！（多用于上级对下级，长辈对晚辈之间）In order to learn English well，you need practice speaking English more often besides reading.（比较口语化）第六，表示能力的情态动词有can，could，be able to等。can表示现在的“能力”，