教学法课件..pptVIP

2016 * * Practice makes perfect Language is not a form of behavior It is a complicated rule-based system and a large part of language acquisition is the learning of this system. Students should be allowed to create their own sentence based on their understanding of certain rules. Main theories: Innateness Hypothesis（天赋假设） Generative Grammar（生成语法） Innateness Hypothesis: Chomsky thinks that language is a kind of talent. children have a natural ability to learn language, called language acquisition mechanism (LAD). Innateness Hypothesis: Chomskys innateness hypothesis is based on his observation on some important phenomena, and these phenomena could not be properly explained by other means. Innateness Hypothesis: Firstly, children quickly learn their native language very but little effort. Second, there are some facts is confused, that is, whether the language is not innate. Third, children have a limited period of time from a limited number of words (usually not a standard) in the master of the language complete knowledge of grammar. Generative grammar: Language reflects the psychological. Chomsky has repeatedly stressed that his study of linguistics is psychology, and ultimately the study of the biology of the brain, the language process is actually a kind of mental performance or mental arithmetic. Generative grammar: Language ability contains natural ingredients.Chomsky emphasizes the distinction between internal language(I-language) and external language(E-language), and it is clear that the study is the former. 生成语法认为：人在有限的生命中不可能听到或看到无限多的句子，但人们可以听懂和说出该语言的无数句子，说明学习语言不是一句句学会的。考察儿童学习语言的情况，儿童在有限的时间里从有限的话语（通常是不标准的）中掌握了语言完整的语法知识。他们不但能够理解和造出他们已经听到过的句子，而且能够造出以前从未听过的句子。不管儿童学习语言的环境有多大的差异，他们还是能够达到大致相同的语言水平。 Generative grammar: There is a common syntax.Chomsky puts forward the idea of universal grammar, which explains the sense of language. Generative grammar: Generative grammar holds