第4章 供给与需求的市场力量.ppt

供给 关于未来的预期 影响现在的供给 预期价格上升 减少现在的供给 卖者数量，增加 市场供给增加 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. * 表 2 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. 影响卖者的变量 该表列出了可以影响生产者选择出售多少某种物品的变量。要注意价格所起的特殊作用：价格变动表现为沿着供给曲线的变动，而其他任何一个变量的变动都将使供给曲线移动。 * 供给与需求的结合 均衡 各种力量达到平衡 一种市场价格已经达到的水平 供给量=需求量 供需曲线相交 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. * 供给与需求的结合 均衡价格 供给量和需求量 市场出清价格 均衡数量 均衡价格的供给量和需求量 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. * 图 8 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service or otherwise on a password-protected website for classroom use. 供给与需求的均衡 供给 0 12 10 11 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 冰淇淋的数量 $3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.00 0.50 冰淇淋的价格 均衡 需求 均衡价格 均衡数量 均衡出现在供给和需求曲线相交的那一点。在均衡价格时，供给量等于需求量。这里的均衡价格是2美元：在这一价格水平下，供给量是7个冰淇淋蛋卷，需求量也是7个冰淇淋蛋卷。 * 供给与需求的结合 剩余 供给量＞需求量 供给过剩 价格下降的压力 沿着需求和供给曲线运动 需求量的增加 供给减少 ? 2015 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part, except for use as permitted in a license distributed with a certain product or service