Aim What are the stages of Mitosis.PPT

* * * * * * * * * * * * Mitosis = Cell Division Book Questions p.76 1,2,3,4,5,6 p.79 1,2,3 / 1,2 p.81 1,2,3 / 1,2 p.83 1,2 Vocabulary Cell cycle Mitosis Cytokenesis Chromosome Chromatid Centromere Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Interphase Growth factor Apoptosis Cancer Benign Malignant Metastasize Carcinogens Asexual reproduction Binary fission Mitosis The process of cells dividing (or replicating) Occurs in body cells (also called somatic cells); NOT in sex cells – (ovaries and testes) Allows cell size to remain small Focus is on DNA dividing Chromatin – DNA when NOT in Mitosis; looks like soup Chromosome – DNA DURING Mitosis; thick and coiled into a rod shape like spaghetti DNA- duplicates during mitosis centromere Major Concept!!! DNA MUST duplicate before the cell divides so that the two resulting cells (called daughter cells) will have the exact same DNA (identical) as the original cell (parent cell). Multiple steps occur here Phase where cell performs its normal activities for life. DNA is in the chromatin state (kind of like spaghetti) Interphase = Stage before AND after Mitosis (not during) Chromosomes replicate during interphase Centrioles appear Parent cell – is diploid (2n); has two complete sets of chromosomes Centrioles move Prophase Prophase- the nuclear membrane breaks down. The double stranded chromosomes are able to move feely around the cytoplasm METAphase = MIDDLE Centrioles produce spindle fibers which attach to centromeres (DNA) ANAphase = AWAY Spindle fibers pull chromatids apart Nuclear membrane re-forms; spindle fibers disappear; chromosomes uncoil Cytoplasm starts to divide; cleavage furrow forms CYTOKINESIS = Cytoplasmic division Diploid (2n) = two sets of chromosomes Mitosis How is mitosis different in plant cells? The only difference is during telophase. Instead of the cell membrane pinching in during cytokinesis, the cell wall forms a cell plate between the two daughter cells, Mitosis produces identical offspring (