小升初名词概念.ppt

指人或事物的名称的词． 名词 普通名词：指一般的人，事物或抽象名词等. 例：apple, pen, doctor ，love 可数名词的单数变复数(规则变化） １．直接在名词后加～s 例：cake---cakes, leg---legs 2. 在以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的名词后加～ es 例： dress-dresses, dish-dishes, watch-watches, box---boxes 3. 以o结尾的名词,一般加～s ， 但negro , hero, tomato, potato之后加～es 顺口溜：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。 可数名词的单数变复数（规则变化） ４．以辅音字母＋y结尾的名词，把y改为 i再加～es ： 例：city---cities, family---families 5.以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v再加～es 例：leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives 但是下列单词直接加s, chief(首领), roof(屋顶), gulf(海湾) 顺口溜：首领在屋顶看海湾。 巧记以f或fe结尾的名称 树叶半数自己黄 妻子拿刀去割粮 架后窜出一只狼 就像盗贼逃命亡 leaf half self wife knife shelf wolf thief life 名词单数变复数的发音规则 写出下列各词的复数形式： 1. tomato 2.city 3. boy 4. radio 5.self 6.fly 7. photo 8.house 9.box 10. wife 11.Sunday 12.class 13.zoo 14.exam 15. beach 16.wish 17. glass 18.leaf 19.student 20. baby 21.potato 1.单复数同形的名词： 中国人，日本人都非常喜欢绵羊，鱼和鹿． 　 Chinese Japanese sheep fish deer 2.单复数不同形（特殊名词的变化）： 1)改变中间元音 foot—feet tooth—teeth goose—geese man—men woman—women mouse-mice 2)词尾加-en或-ren child—children ox—oxen 3）mouse—mice老鼠 总结：男人，女人a变e,小孩后加ren，公牛后加en,老鼠mouse变mice, 鹅的牙和脚oo变ee， 写出下列各词的复数形式： tomato, city, boy, radio, leaf, fly, photo, mouse,box,wife ,Sunday, class, Chinese ,zoo ,exam ,German ,sheep, fish, beach ,wish, glass, leaf, student, deer, baby, potato 句子单数变复数： 1.Be动词的改变：am/is---are 2.代词的变化： I—we he/she/it—they me—us him/her/it—them my—our his/her/its—their this—these that– those 3. 去掉a或an 4. 名词单数变成复数 Exercises 用所给名词的适当形式填空: 1. Are there any (peach) on the table? 2. They are some young (woman). 3. The (children) is playing in the garden. 4. Some (goose) are swimming in the river. 5. Would you like some (fish)? 6. How many (radio) can you see on the bookcase? 7. Are there any (boy) in the library? 8. One