国际贸易Capter_4_Packing___Marking.pptVIP

 The Contents of Chapter 4 1. Why should commodities be packed? 2. How are cargoes classified? 3. What are the main types of packing? 4. What are the main types of marking? 5. What should be considered in packing the goods? Overview Packing is one of the important ways to realize the value of commodities. It protects and prettifies commodities and forms an important process in the storage, transportation, and sales of commodities. In international trade, packing is also decisive in identifying commodities. Hence, packing is one of the key terms in business communication and negotiation. In addition, shipping marks, indicative and warning marks play an important role in identification and proper handling of commodities during transportation and process of loading and unloading. 4.1 Functions of Packing 3 Tertiary Functions Factors Influencing the Nature of Packing 1. Value of the goods 2. Nature of the transit 3. Nature of the cargo 4. Compliance with customs or statutory requirements 5. Resale value of packing material 6. General fragility of cargo 7. Variation in temperature during the course of transit 8. Ease of handling and stowage 9. Insurance acceptance conditions 10. Cost of packing 1) The nature of the goods, such as their fragility, value, hazardous nature, propensity to suffer from damp and so on. 2) The nature and duration of the transit and the various modes of transport to be used during that transit. 3) The cost of packaging in the budget. 4) Climatic conditions likely to be encountered en route. 5) Regulations of the importing country with regard to packing materials and marking. 6) The packaging should meet the needs of the consumers of the importing country in terms of culture. 7) Letter of credit or other contractual requirements of the buyer, carrier or insurer. 8) If the goods are containerized, an important consideration is whether the goods will go door-to-door in a single movement as a full cont