Lecture_19infinitive不定式语法章振邦上外资料.pptVIP

Basic information Tel: 674660) office: 镜湖2-522 office hour: Wednesday 3-4节 Course Grading and Final Examination Format 授课计划 CONTENTS 1. Forms of the infinitive 2. To-infinitive and bare infinitive (Bare Infinitive 不带to不定式) 3. Notes on the use of the infinitive sign (Infinitive to or preposition to) Non-finite Verbs 非限定动词 Infinitive （不定式） -Ing Participle （–ing 分词） -Ed Participle (-ed 分词） eg. I have a lot of work to do. I heard someone singing in the next room. I had my hair cut yesterday. Infinitive 不定式 With infinitive sign (to) or not？ To-infinitive 带to不定式 Bare Infinitive 不带to不定式 eg. I’d like to play tennis. You’d better come at once. 19.1 Forms of the infinitive Grammatical forms – The infinitive has no tense distinctions, nor person or number contrasts. But they can be passive and take the simple (to write), progressive (to be writing), perfective (to have written) and perfective progressive (to have been writing) forms. A negative infinitive is formed by adding not or never immediately before the infinitive sign to. Example 她希望再也不要见到他。 She wished never to see him again. 我知道他并没有离开这里。 I understand him not to have left here. 我们决定不买那套房子。 We decided not to buy that house. The passive infinitive is formed by to be +ed-participle or to have been + ed-participle. 会上将要讨论的是一件非常难以解决的事情。 The matter to be discussed at the meeting is a hard nut to crack. 他们所有人都等着门开。 They were all waiting for the gate to be opened. 他确信自己有一个非常棒的音乐家老师。 He is sure to have been taught be a good musician. 2) To-infinitive and bare infinitive There are two types: to-infinitive and bare infinitive. The bare infinitive is just the infinitive without to, which is identical in form with the base of the verb. Bare Infinitive 不带to不定式 modals 情态动词不带to eg. You should do what you are told. You’d better talk to him in person. I would rather do it on my own. rather/sooner than 句